第12章 文化知识形式差异与翻译汉译英 .pptVIP

李商隐《无题》：“相见时难别亦难，东风无力百花残。” Hard it was to see each other -- harder still to part! The east wind has no force, the hundred flowers wither. (INNES HERDAN)? It’s difficult for us to meet and hard to part; The east wind is too weak to revive flowers dead. (许渊冲)  Geographical environment has impact on climate, and climate influences languages and connotative meaning of words. For example, “东风” in Chinese and “east wind” in English have corresponding words in Chinese and English culture, however, they have different connotative meaning. In Chinese people’s eyes, “东风” symbolizes spring and warmth. It makes every living things revive. Therefore, comes the saying of “东风报春” and Chinese people are partial to east wind. While in Britain, east wind comes from north of the European continent, representing coldness and unpleasantness. Therefore, British people dislike east wind. But they like west wind, which represents warmth and spring. There are two famous sentences from Sherley’s Ode to the West Wind: O, wind, if winter comes, can spring be far behind? Here, “wind” should be translated into “西风”, and make some explanation to this region cultural difference. 英国诗人John Mansfield也有一首Ode to the West Wind? It’s a warm wind, the west wind, full of birds’ cries; I never hear the west wind but tears are in my eyes, For it comes from the west lands, the old brown hill, And April’s in the west wind, and daffodils.  * Forms of Cultural Differences in TranslationalCommunication SL--decode--TL Translation, involving the transposition of thoughts expressed in one language by one social group into the appropriate expression of another group, entails a process of cultural de-coding, re-coding and en-coding. As cultures are increasingly brought into greater contact with one another, multicultural considerations are brought to bear to an ever-increasing degree. Now, how do all these changes influence us when we are trying to comprehend a text before finally translating it? We a