宽角度探测器天线的分析及其应用-analysis and application of wide angle detector antenna.docxVIP

国防科学技术大学研究生院硕士学位论文 国防科学技术大学研究生院硕士学位论文 第 第 i 页 摘 要 本文主要研究了如何利用波导宽壁斜缝阵列的形式来实现一种宽角度探测器 天线。论文首先介绍了波导壁开缝的几种主要形式及工作原理，同时还介绍了波 导缝隙阵列天线的两种体制，以及如何结合其各自的特点及设计要求选择相适应 的工作体制。论文从单缝隙模型出发，分析了宽边斜缝的特性，利用 CST 微波仿 真软件得到其电参数曲线。而后根据宽边斜缝的特点引出了交叉极化的问题，提 出了抑制交叉极化的方法，并进行了仿真验证。论文详细介绍了线阵天线的设计 流程，并根据截止波导的特点提出了矩形波导口径场辐射的问题以及如何通过控 制口径尺寸来实现不同的波束宽度。本文还对天线的馈电方式进行了分析设计， 并最终完成了对收发天线的设计，并进行了实物的加工。论文还提出了对天线的 改进设计方式，通过对其辐射结构的改进实现了对收发天线水平面波束宽度的极 大扩展，并仿真验证了结果。 本文最后就设计误差和加工误差对天线性能的影响做了详细分析并进行了仿 真验证，得到如下结论，即：设计误差应通过进一步研究改进设计方式来尽量减 小；加工误差在目前可控的范围内对天线性能没有明显的影响。 主题词：宽波束 波导缝隙 交叉极化 缝隙阵列 矩形平面口径 矩形波导口径 第 第 ii 页 ABSTRACT This thesis is devoted to the design of wide beam width antenna that based on the theory of slots antenna on the broad face of rectangular waveguide. It presents several forms of slots cut in the walls of rectangular waveguide and their working principle at first. It also presents two forms of slots array antenna and how to choose the appropriate structure for the design. It analyzes the style of the rotated series slot located in the broad face of rectangular waveguide and calculated the electric parameter of isolated slot with the help of CST. The problem of cross polarization is introduced according to the character of rotated series slot. The method to choke the cross polarization is mentioned and validated. Then it presents the detailed method of designing linear slots array antenna with rotated series. It presents the radiation problem of rectangular waveguide aperture field according to the style of cut-off waveguide and how to achieve the required beam width according to the aperture of rectangular waveguide. The feed structure has also been designed. It finishes the design of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna. The antenna has been machined finally. The thesis also presents the improved method to design the transmitting antenna and receiving antenna. It achieves wider beam width on the horizontal plan and the result of simulation have been approved. At the end of this paper,