宽容与民主——以近代英国宗教宽容与民主政治的关系为视角-tolerance and democracy - from the perspective of the relationship between religious tolerance and democratic politics in modern britain.docxVIP

类未来。本文分为五部分： 第一部分为引论。第二部分考察宗教宽容在英国神权政治向世俗政治转变过程中的表 现，阐释宗教宽容如何影响近代英国民主政治的前提——世俗主权国家。 第三部分考察近代英国宗教宽容在世俗主权国家的基础上，对形成近 代民主政治核心要素的影响。具体考察了宗教宽容对近代英国民主政治的基本要素：人民主权、议会至上以及王在议会的影响。 第四部分考察近代英国民主政治的基本内涵——宽容及其与自由、理性、道德、法律和政治共同体的关系。 第五部分为结论，论述本文分析的历史所带给我们的启示。阐释政治宽容的必要性以及普遍的宽容精神与人类未来的关系。 关键词：宗教宽容 神权政治 世俗政治 民主政治 立宪君主制AbstractWe need to study the history, because history is not broken the experience of the incident spelled, but is absolute spirit, the carrier profiling, but also the revival of ideological discourse and historical context, it is a presence. In the modern society, “democracy containing is the first modernism researchsubject.”Walzer，M. says nothing but is wants to solve tolerant and thedemocracy problem in the modern society. In shoulders historical under the premise, how inspects tolerant and the democracy origin and the essence is a noticeable link.The early modern Britains political new enlightenment started the theocracy politics to the common custom politics transformation, also has helped the British sovereignty formation, has laid certain foundation for democracys formation, and indicated the direction for afterward revolution also to establish the principle and the limit. Protestantism tolerance has provided a bigger survival and the development opportunities for the common custom politicss validity and the authority. Is also precisely in this significance, tolerance continues with secularization protestantism politics for the modern politics opening.The early modern Britains political validity no longer originates to the god gives, but is originates from parliaments legislation. Although the religion has played the strong character in the political life, but already started to desalinate. Protestantism politics is in itself forgives take the religion as the principle, therefore while to forgive which struggles, is also realizing tolerantly positively. After Honorable Revolution, to the Catholicism principle kings intolerance which defeats, causes