冷环境不同代谢水平下相变调温服防护需求研究-study on protection requirements of phase change thermoregulatory clothing under different metabolic levels in cold environment.docxVIP

冷环境不同代谢水平下相变调温服防护需求分析摘 要本文通过分析低温环境中“人体-服装”系统与环境间的热量交换，建立了相变 防护服防护时间与相变材料用量之间的计算模型。利用该公式模型，可以根据人体 代谢水平、环境温度和相变材料用量计算出相变防护服的防护时间，为应用于特殊 低温作业环境的相变防护服提供设计和相变材料用量的参考。经实验验证表明，防 护时间理论值与实验值具有良好的一致性。首先，以相变防护服防护机制和热平衡方程为基础，对系统的产热途径和散热 途径进行了分析，并讨论了方程中各参数的计算方法，得出了低温环境中相变材料 防护时间与相变材料用量之间的计算模型。然后，根据不同设定条件，对公式模型 中各参数的取值进行实验测定和计算，再将所有参数取值代入公式模型，得到 24 组不同条件下防护时间的理论值。其次，根据论文设定条件设计真人热防护实验，对低温相变防护服防护时间实 验值进行测定。通过实验得到的 24 组防护时间实验值对理论计算结果进行分析验 证，结果表明：（1）两者间的相对误差不超过 5%，具有良好的一致性；（2）相 变潜热阶段人体处于热平衡状态，符合模型假设条件；（3）其他条件相同时，相 变防护时间与相变材料用量存在正相关性。最后，对实际作业中较难取得的五个参 数值进行简化，提高了该模型的实用性。本文提供了一种能够根据热防护需求选择 相变材料及其用量的计算方法，适用于无太阳等热源辐射的低温环境中，未出现显 性出汗的作业人员。关键词：相变材料，热防护需求，热平衡，代谢水平，防护时间作者：张芃 指导老师：孙玉钗Analysis of Thermal Protection Requirement in PCM Protective Garment based on Different Metabolic Rates in /views/specific/2929/FJourDetail.jsp?dxNumber=165153829790amp;d=80C465ECCD543BA867888D48161A0D2BLow-temperature EnvironmentAbstractThis paper built a calculation model between the protective time of PCM and the application amounts of PCM in protective garment by analyzing the heat exchange between environment and the body-garment system. The theoretical model could be used to calculate the protective time of PCM by human metabolism rate, environment temperature and the amounts of PCM. It can provide reference for the design and usage of PCM protective garment which used in the special low temperature environment. Comparisons between the theoretical and experimental results shows good agreement.Based on the heat balance equation and the protective principle of PCM, the ways of heat production and heat loss were analyzed. After discussing the computing method of the factors in the equation, the calculation model between the protective time of PCM and the application amounts of PCM in protective garment was built. After that, suitable parameter values were measured and calculated on the basis of different conditions. Then 24 theoretical results were got according to the obtained parameters.To measured the experi