高考英语二轮（浙江专用）教师用书：第1部分 专题4 重点1 基础词类的用法 Word版含解析.docVIP

(对应学生用书第65页) 重点1| 基础词类的用法 Ⅰ.名词 自查自纠 解题分析 语法讲解 1.I was always checking the time and thinking of future plans(plan). plan为可数名词，前面没有限定词，应用复数形式。 名词单数变复数一般在名词词尾直接加s。 friend→friends； nation→nations； change→changes； member→members； painting→paintings。 2.I hear Mike is likely to win all the prizes(prize)in the exams this year. prize为可数名词，表示所有的奖励，应用复数形式。 3.Many such walls have also appeared in several other Chinese cities(city). city为可数名词，通过前面的several other可判定应用复数形式。 词尾是辅音字母＋y时，变y为ies；词尾是元音字母＋y时，直接加s。 enemy→enemies； difficulty→difficulties； guy→guys；toy→toys。 4.He lost all his keys(key)to the doors，so he had to get them opened by force. key为可数名词，表示所有的钥匙，应用复数形式。 5.He was wearing dark glasses(glass)to protect his eyes from the sun. glass表示“眼镜”时为可数名词，因为有两个镜片，应用复数形式。 词尾是s，x，ch，sh时一般加es。 bus→buses；fox→foxes； coach→coaches；bush→bushes。 注意：stomach(胃部)的复数形式是在词尾直接加s。 6.As he could not find boxes(box)of the right size，he had to use fruit baskets instead. box为可数名词，前面没有限定词，应用复数形式。 7.They took some photos(photo)when they visited China. 此处some表示一些，故应用photo的复数形式。 词尾是o的词，以辅音字母＋o结尾，直接加es；以元音字母加o结尾，直接加s。 tomato→tomatoes； potato→potatoes； zoo→zoos； radio→radios。 注意：外来词piano与缩略词photo直接加s。 8.They gave their lives for their country and were honored as heroes(hero). hero为可数名词，前面没有限定词，应用复数形式。 9.The green leaves(leaf)with red blooms are very pleasant to look at. leaf为可数名词，前面没有限定词，应用复数形式。 词尾是f或fe时，多将f或fe变为ves。 shelf→shelves； knife→knives；wolf→wolves。 10.Yesterday the firemen(fireman)examined the ground but were not able to find any clues to the cause of the fire. 根据后面的were可知，空格处应填复数形式。 名词复数的不规则变化：child→children；foot→feet； mouse→mice； phenomenon→phenomena； medium→media。 Ⅱ.冠词 自查自纠 解题分析 语法讲解 1.It is a good idea never to compete but to do your best to improve at your own rate. idea为可数名词，表示泛指时其前应用不定冠词。 不定冠词a/an放在单数可数名词前，泛指一个人或一个事物。 2.Today the Internet is playing an important and essential role in our life. play a role in意为“在……中扮演角色”，important以元音音素开头，其前应用an。 不定冠词有两种形式，当紧跟着冠词的第一个音素为辅音音素(注意