发育性协调障碍儿童运动控制缺陷.docVIP

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发育性协调障碍儿童运动控制缺陷

发育性协调障碍儿童运动控制缺陷   【摘 要】 目的:从运动控制学角度探讨发育性协调障碍(Developmental Coordination Disorder,DCD)的发生机制,为其病因学研究提供理论基础。方法:以DSM-IV为诊断标准结合发育性协调障碍问卷在两所小学中进行筛查,筛选出41名DCD儿童,研究儿童闭环控制和开环控制缺陷,及运动控制缺陷和实际运动障碍程度的关系。结果:①DCD儿童的闪光临界频率低于对照组(22.7±3.1/27.5±5.9,22.3±4.1/26.0±5.9,21.0±4.8/25.5±4.7,P均   【关键词】 发育性协调障碍;开环控制;闭环控制;儿童;对照研究   中图分类号:R179 文献标识号:A 文章编号:1000-6729(2008)003-0170-05   Motor Control Deficits of Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder   HUA Jing?1,CAI Geng?2,Gu GuiXiong?1, et al   1 The Childrens Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003   2 The Gymnasium College of Soochow University   【Abstract】 Objective: To investigate the mechanism of developmental coordination disorder (DCD) from the motor control point of view so as to provide theoretical guidance for etiological study. Methods:41 DCD Children from two primary schools were screened with DCDQ (a questionnaire for DCD). Dependent ttests were performed to study the closeloop control, openloop control mechanism and simple correlate analysis to study the relationship between the childrens motor control deficits and real movement dysfunction. Results: The critical flicker frequency of DCD children were lower than the controls (22.7±3.1/27.5±5.9, 22.3±4.1/26.0±5.9,21.0±4.8/25.5±4.7,P0.05). Additionally, the DCD children errors were more than the control group during achieving the first continual and interval task of linear target movement (24.2±10.0/12.2±6.1, 2.6±1.0/1.7±1.2,P   【Key Words】 developmental coordination disorder; closeloop control; openloop control; child;control study      获取和使用运动技能是反映儿童发育状况的要素之一。美国精神病联合学会(APA)调查显示约5%-6%的儿童存在此方面的缺陷,并将此型疾病命名为发育性协调障碍(Developmental Coordination Disorder,DCD)[1]。DCD引起教育、心理、运动和康复治疗界的广泛关注,来自世界各国的相关报道促进了DCD的特征研究和诊断学发展。然而,由于DCD临床表现的多样性、共患病率较高以及在亚型分类的不一致导致了在发病机制探讨上存在很多争议,出现如视觉-运动障碍,内化机制缺陷和运动计划能力障碍等学说[2]。由于这些发病机制大多发生在运动控制的某些环节,采用经典的运动学理论作为研究视角更利于DCD发病机制的阐明。   任何人体运动形式都受到以中枢系统为调控中心的闭环控制(Closeloop Control)或开环控制(Openloop Control)策略的影响[3,4]。在开环控制的运动过程中,系统以前馈性指令的

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