基因表达geneexpression.PPT

* THIS IS A GOOD THING BECAUSE YOU DO NOT WANT HAIR TO GROW ON YOUR TONGUE OR FINGERNAILS ON YOUR FACE WE HAVE TOUCHED ON POLYGENIC TRATIS AND THOSE WITH GENETIC AND EVIRONMENTAL COMPONENTS NOW WE ARE GOING TO LOOK A BIT AT HOW DOES A CELL DECIDE WHAT KIND OF CELL IT WILL BE WHAT REGULATES WHAT GENES WILL BE TURNED ON AND OFF * this ability to selectively activate/repress genes underlies much of the differences in gene expression in different tissues and at different times. additionally it is important to note that such a mechanism allows for concomitant activation of specific cohorts of genes by sharing common sequence elements. it also lends itself to formation of cascades or networks that move a program forward in time (say a developmental program) and also allow homeostasis to occur. given the program, I might need to say more about sequence specific regulation through regulatory motifs, etc. transcription factors are composite proteins with multiple domains, one of which will bind in a sequence-specific manner to DNA, and other domains that bind to other transcriptional regulatory proteins or the core transcriptional machinery. sequence elements can be close by or several hundred kb away. cooperativity – multiple copies of the same protein tandemly repeated, also binding between proteins Reference: Zinc fingure Nolte, R.T., Conlin, R.M., Harrison, S.C., Brown, R.S. (1998) Differing roles for zinc fingers in DNA recognition: structure of a six-finger transcription factor IIIA complex. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 95: 2938-43 bZIP: /content/275/45/35242/F1.expansion.html bHLH /doi/abs/10.1021/bi701527r * /academic/chemistry/faculty/arnoys/arnoys-chem324-DNA-binding%20proteins.html * /nrg/journal/v12/n4/fig_tab/nrg2957_F4.html#figure-title * /adrenal/adrenal6/adrenal6.htm * * Steroid hormones are too hydrophobic to readily dissolve in blood. Therefore, they travel on specific carrier proteins from point of release to their target tissues. In the targ