特许公认会计师(ACCA) F财务会计考试讲义.docVIP

特许公认会计师(ACCA) F3财务会计考试讲义 Session 1 Financial accounting Cost and management accounting Purpose Record financial transactions Information of cost of operations Legal requirement Limited liability company, by law, prepare financial accounts No legal requirement to prepare management accounts Main user External Internal Time At the end of period regularly Information historic historic and forecast ☆Users of financial statements 　　 　　Accounting reports users include: 　　●Management: Need information about the company’s financial situation as it is currently and it is expected to be in the future. This is to enable them to manage 　　the business efficiently and to make effective decisions. 　　●Investors: The providers of risk, capital and their advisers are concerned with the risk inherent in, and return provided by, their investments. They need information to help them determine whether they should buy, hold or sell. 　　●Trade payables/ Suppliers: Suppliers and other trade payables. Suppliers and other trade payables are interested in information that enables them to determine whether amounts owing to them will be paid when due. Trade payables are likely to be interested in an enterprise over a shorter period than lenders unless they are dependent upon the continuance of an enterprise as a major customer. 　　●Shareholders: Shareholders are also interested in market value of shares as well as information which enables them to assess the ability of the enterprise to pay dividends. 　　●Lenders: Lenders are interested in information that enables them to determine whether their loans, and the interest attaching to them, will be paid when due. 　　●Customers: Customers have an interest in information about the continuance of an enterprise, especially when they have a long term involvement with or are dependent on, the enterprise. 　　●Government and their agencies: Governments are their agencies are interested in the allocation of resources and, therefore, the activ