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培训资料手术室医院感染防控与管理
手术室护理工作质量评价标准 手术室管理质量考核评价标准 手术中病人护理质量考核评价标准 手术室护理文书书写质量考核评价标准 手术室消毒隔离质量考核评价标准 手术室急救物品、常规器械管理质量考核评价标准 医院感染“零容忍”我们的理想和追求 医院感染零发病,是天方夜谭? 相当多的医院感染是可以预防的,至少 50%~75%的导管相关血流感染(CR-BSI) 50%的呼吸机相关肺炎(VAP) 50%的手术部位感染(SSI) 60%~90%的MRSA引起的感染 。。。。。。 什么是医院感染零宽容(Zero Tolerance)? 一种文化,一个目标,一种态度,一项追求 不再认可医院感染有某一基准发病率,并满足于这个层面,而是要朝零发病努力 对待每一例医院感染均要认为是不应该发生,一旦发生,则要进行追因分析 如何改变医务人员的行为习惯? 宣传培训:认知与学识 硬件建设:提供便利设施 政策、法规:督查,整改,处罚 医院感染管理办法 卫生部与厅局的感控督查条款 医院内部督查要求 医院评审 以往如何查医院感染的 各科室是否消毒隔离规章制度? 各种消毒灭菌记录本是否齐全? 询问或现场查看内镜清洗消毒过程 各部门的空气细菌培养登记本 现场让医务人员洗手后做手指采样细菌培养 医务人员知识培训和考核记录 医院感染发病率和漏报率 如何改变策略 放弃形式,依据科学,追求实效 客观性,可操作性,重视过程监控 能有效改进,明显提高 我国医院感染管理的督查方式和内容,需要进行相应调整! 1847 1958 1970 1980 1990 2000 1863 感染控制,等待您的贡献 谢谢大家 * * * This infected midline laparotomy wound is healing slowly. Note the retention sutures, sump drains, and stomas, which pose special challenges if appliances malfunction. Approved: 2004 EPCP Risk Factors for and Prevention of Surgical Site Infection Slide 4 * * * * Aside from patient risk factors, there are risk that are associated with the operation itself. You can look at the operative risks as occurring: per-operatively (before the surgery) intra-operatively (during the surgery) post-operatively (after the surgery) The highest risk to the patient is thought to be intra-operatively, or during the procedure, although there are activities before and after the operation that must be considered very risky as well. Some of these things on this list become trade-offs such as surgical drains- although they increase risk, a higher risk would be taken if there was a need for a drain it was not place. Placement of a foreignobject is part of the procedure for valve replacement of hip replacement. However there are some withing this list that are risk factors that we can mitigate or eliminate. * * * * * * (二)感染预防要点——手术中。 (1)保证手术室门关闭,尽量保持手术室正压通气,环境表面清洁,最大限度减少人员数量和流动。 (2)保证使用的手术器械、器具及物品等达到灭菌水平。减少快速灭菌方法的使用 (3)手术中医务人员要严格遵循无菌技术原则和手卫生规范。 (4)若手术时间超过3小时,或者手术时间长于所用抗菌药物半衰期的,或者失血量大于1500
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