绿色北京低碳发展问题及途径.docVIP

绿色北京低碳发展问题及途径 　　 【摘 要】本文在绿色北京及低碳发展涵义理解基础上进一步界定绿色北京的低碳发展内涵，探讨绿色北京的低碳发展及途径。研究表明，绿色北京的低碳发展在全国处于先进地位，但落后于英国伦敦；由人均及单位GDP能耗、二氧化碳总排放量表征的低碳生产，由人均二氧化碳年排放量、公共出行普及率表征的低碳消费，北京市一般好于上海市，劣于英国伦敦；由绿化覆盖率、自然区保护面积比例表征的低碳环境，建成区绿化覆盖率低于国家生态园林城市标准，自然保护区面积比重低于上海、重庆等市，人均公园绿地面积低于伦敦市。北京市要加强低碳生产的节能降耗作用，加大低碳消费的低碳生活宣传教育，进一步创造低碳环境，增强碳汇功能，加快促进绿色北京建设。 　　【关键词】绿色北京；低碳发展；CO2排放；节能减排；发展途径 　　Abstract：This study explains the meaning of the construction of Green Beijing in a low-carbon development way based on the meaning of Green Beijing and low-carbon development, and discusses the way how to develop. The study shows that although Beijing is doing well in Construction Green Beijing in a low-carbon development way, there still are some problems. In the item of energy consumption of per capita or unit GDP, Beijing is better than Shanghai, but worse than London. In the item of low-carbon consumption, Beijing is the sixth high per capita CO2 emission, which is worse than London, and the frequency of traveling with public transport in Beijing is better than other cities in China, but is worse than London. When it comes to Low-carbon environment, Beijing’s green coverage in the built-up area is lower than National Ecological Garden City Standard, and the area of nature reserves is lower than it in Shanghai and Chongqing, besides, Beijing’s per capita park green areas is less that London’s. Beijing needs to strengthen the capacity of low-carbon production and low-carbon consumption, and then creates a low-carbon condition, to speed up the construction of Green Beijing. 　　Key words：Green Beijing；low-carbon development；CO2 emissions； energy-saving and ejection-decreasing；development way 　　 　　改革开放以来，北京加快了生态建设速度和加大了环境改善力度，尤其是申奥成功以来，首都北京的生态环境、宜居环境建设取得了巨大成效，提升了北京的国际城市形象。在坚持科学发展观基础上，巩固发扬奥运环境建设成果，不断丰富、升华、发展人文、科技、绿色三大理念，北京市提出了“三个北京”建设。在人均GDP超越1万美元后，“绿色北京”使首都生态文明建设站到一个新的更高起点，人们对宜居城市、绿色生活也越来越向往。而随着城市经济的日益增长和城市规模的不断扩大，城市成为碳排放的主要来源地[1]，人类生产和生活排放的大量以二氧化碳为主的温室气体所导致的气候变化和环境破坏也日益严峻。发展低碳经济和建设低碳城市是当前城市发展和建设的必然选择，这不仅可以减少二氧化碳