幼儿教师对幼儿伤害认知与干预策略.docVIP

幼儿教师对幼儿伤害认知与干预策略 　　【摘要】 目的 了解幼儿教师对幼儿伤害的看法与认知，探讨幼儿伤害干预有效的策略与方法。方法 采用整群抽样，抽取上海市浦东新区某街道5所幼儿园教师121人为对象，采用自编问卷进行调查。结果 96.7%的幼儿教师认为幼儿伤害是一个很严重的问题。地面湿滑、电源安装位置不合适、楼梯较陡和护栏间距过大等是幼儿伤害的环境危险因素，上下楼梯时拥挤、玩火柴或打火机、自己倒热水、在池塘边玩耍等是行为危险因素。对于伤害预防幼儿教师信心不足，认为家长不配合、不可预知的不确定因素过多等是幼儿伤害预防存在的主要困难。结论 幼儿园环境改善和对幼儿教师进行伤害预防教育非常重要。教师教育应结合相应行为理论，并与社区伤害预防相结合。 　　【关键词】 创伤和损伤；认知；干预性研究；策略，实验性；儿童保健服务 　　【中图分类号】 R 179 G 479 R 64 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2009)04-0326-02 　　 　　Kindergarten Teachers Perspectives on Childrens Injury and the Strategies/WANG Shu-mei?*, XU Wen-yan, ZHANG Lei，et al. ?* Department of Children and Adolescent Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai(200032), China 　　【Abstract】 Objective To know the perspectives of kindergarten teachers on childrens injury, and to explore the effective strategies and patterns.Methods Cluster sampling method was used to investigate 121 teachers of five kindergartens in Pudong district in Shanghai by a self-designed questionnaire. Results About 96.7% teachers thought that childrens injury was a very serious issue. Slippery surface, inappropriately installation of electrical outlet, steep stairs and large space between railings were the environmental risk factors to childrens injury. Behavioral risk factor of children included crowding on stirs, playing with match or lighters, getting hot water by themselves and playing around the pools. In terms of the injury prevention, the enforcements were teachers lack of confidence, parents in-cooperation, too much uncertain factors and so on.Conclusion Regarding to childrens injury prevention, both environmental improvement and injury prevention education are important and necessary. Education to teachers should be based on related behavioral theories and should work together with the community. 　　【Key words】 Wounds and injuries;Cognition;Intervention studies;Games,experimental;Child health services 　　 　　【作者简介】 王书梅（1963- ），女，北京人，副教授，主要研究方向为健康教育与健康促进。 　　【作者单位】 1 复旦大学公共卫生学院，上海 200032；2 上海市长