碘缺乏和碘过量对大鼠心肌组织结构和电活动的影响_论文.docxVIP

碘缺乏和碘过量对大鼠心肌组织结构和电活动的影响 作者： 刘桂芝，张朝，吴逸明，叶振坤，陈祖培，阎玉芹 【关键词】 碘；甲状腺功能减退症；心电图；组织学 Effects of iodine deficiency and iodine excess on rat myocardial histology and electrical activity 【Abstract】 AIM: To observe the effects of iodine deficiency and iodine excess on rat myocardial histology and electrical activity. METHODS: Ninety Wistar rats were divided into 6 groups at random: low iodine (LI), normal iodine (NI), 5fold iodine (5HI), 10fold iodine (10HI), 50fold iodine (50HI) and 100fold iodine group (100HI) respectively and all fed with water containing various concentrations of KIO3. At 3 and 6 months after iodine administration, the median of urinary iodine was measured. At 6 months after iodine administration, the level of thyroid hormone (TH) in serum was measured by means of chemoluminescence. The electrocardiogram (ECG), the heart weight to body weight ratio (H/B ratio) were recorded. The histopathological changes of left ventricular myocardium were observed with light microscope. RESULTS: As compared with NI groups, the median of urinary iodine and the level of serum TH were decreased （P）. Only in 5HI and 100HI groups, local myocardial fibrosis of left ventricle was found. CONCLUSION: Iodine deficiency and iodine excess could induce hypothyroidism in normal rats and affect their myocardial histology and electrical activity. 【Keywords】 iodine; hypothyroidism; electrocardiogram; histology 【摘要】 目的：观察长期碘缺乏和碘过量对大鼠心肌组织结构和电活动的影响. 方法：90只Wistar大鼠随机分为低碘(LI)饮食、适碘(NI)饮食和5，10，50，100倍高碘(HI)饮食6个组，每组15只. 饲养6 mo. 测定大鼠尿碘中位数，血清甲状腺激素（TH）水平，记录大鼠心电图，心脏脏器指数，光镜下观察左心室心肌的病理改变. 结果：与NI组相比，LI组尿碘始终低于2 μg/L，而NI组为345 μg/L，碘的排泄量维持在极低的水平，血清TT4， FT4， TT3， FT3分别降至(±) nmol/L， (±) pmol/L， (±) nmol/L， (±) pmol/L，而NI组TT4， FT4， TT3， FT3分别为(±) nmol/L，(±) pmol/L， (±) nmol/L，(±) pmol/L，两组差别有统计学意义（P）. 各HI组大鼠心脏的大体形态与正常组无明显差别，5和100 HI组大鼠心脏有局灶性间质纤维化. 结论：碘缺乏和碘过量均导致健康Wistar大鼠甲状腺机能低减(甲减)，进而影响心肌的组织结构和电活动. 【关键词】 碘；甲状腺功能减退症；心电图；组织学 碘是机体所必需的微量元素，机体碘缺乏和严重碘过量主要危及甲状腺和神经系统，这也是近年来国内外研究的热点［1-2］. 心脏是受血清甲状腺激素（thyroi