篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度差异性眼动研究.docVIP

篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度差异性眼动研究 　　摘 要：研究不同水平篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度的差异，分析篮球运动员运动决策过程中眼动特征的差异。实验设计为3（运动水平）×2（性别）×2（场景图片）的混合设计。用多因素方差分析对实验结果进行统计，得出以下结论：不同水平的篮球运动员在注视不同难度的场景图片时，眼动指标和决策速度和准确性都存在显著差异；不同水平的运动员对信息的获得方式、信息加工速度和信息加工效率方面存在显著差异；不同水平篮球运动员运动决策差异的实质是：专项运动知识－专项认知能力－手眼动作联动三者整合的差异。 　　关键词：篮球运动；运动决策；眼动指标 　　中图分类号：G804.8文献标识码：A文章编号：1007-3612(2007)06-0774-03 　　 　　Research on Strategic Accuracy and Speed Differences of Basketball Athletes Eye Movement 　　 　　WANG Ming?hui?1, LI Jian?min?1, YAN Cang?song?2 　　(1.Teaching Section of Public P.E., P.E. College, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, Jilin China; 　　 2.Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, Liaoning, China) 　　Abstract:Different levels of basketball athletes differences of strategic accuracy and movement speed are researched, in order to analyze the differences of athletes eye movement in the process of making decisions. The experiment is a mixed design of 3(level of athlete) × 2(gender) × 2(scene pictures). A multi?factor analysis of variance is applied to analyze the results of the experiment. The conclusions are as follows. When the different levels of basketball athletes stare at different levels of scene pictures, their eye movement indexes, strategic accuracy and movement speed are all different. Different levels of basketball athletes methods of obtaining information and the speed and efficiency of dealing with information are obviously different. The real reason about these differences is that there are integrated differences of professional sport knowledge, cognitive ability of the sport, and integration of hands and eyes movements. 　　Key words: basketball; sport strategies; eye movement index 　　 　　篮球运动员所有技、战术的行动都伴随着复杂的思维活动。在某种意义上讲，篮球运动员临场的思维决策能力是比赛制胜的首要因素。本研究旨在考察不同水平篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度的差异，分析不同水平篮球运动员运动决策过程中眼动指标的差异，归纳出不同水平篮球运动员运动决策准确性和速度差异的本质。 　　 　　1 研究设计 　　 　　1.1 实验法 实验采用3（运动水平）×2（性别）×2（场景图片）的混合设计，运动水平和性别是组间变量，场景图片是组内变量。运动水平三个水平为：高水平组、中间水平组、初等水平组；场景图片的两个水平为：复杂场景图片和简单场景图片。 　　1.2 被试