高考英语专项指导短文改错(改).doc

高考英语专项指导短文改错 一.考纲对短文改错的要求 高考短文改错的目的在于测试考生判断发现,纠正语篇中语言使用错误的能力,以及考察考生在语篇中综合运用英语知识的能力. 二.题型特点 1.词法内容。包括名词、冠词、代词、动词时态、非谓语动词、短语动词的用法，不规则动词的变化形式，形容词的比较级，形容词副词的区别，介词的误用等。 2.句法内容。包括主谓一致、指代一致，并列连词，从属连词等引导各种从句的关联词语，感叹句，疑问句，祈使句的结构等。 3.行文逻辑。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理、判断等。 三.主要错误类型 1。 动词与非谓语动词2.名词错误3.介词的错误4.形容词副词的错误5.代词的错误 6.冠词的错误7. 连词的错误8.句子结构9.赘述10.时态与语态错误11.定语从句错误 12.主谓一致错误13.名词性从句错误14.平行结构错误 1。 动词与非谓语动词 短文改错中有关动词的 题设置是 最多的 ，主要涉及动词1) 时态的错用。2) 第三人称单数形式错用。3) And 前后动词时态不一致。4) 主谓不一致。5) 缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）。6)主动语态与被动语态错用7) 不定式，动名词作主语，宾语，and 连接的不定式或动名词前后一致（尤其距离较远时），现在分词和过去分词的区别等。 1) I was only about six when he held his hand out to me. I took it to mine and we walked,Then I ask him (NMET2007) 2) Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library.(NMET2000) 3）If I have the honor to be chose to work for the 29th Olympic Games, (NMET2008) 4）I have often dreamed of talk face to face with you(NMET2008) 5) Mr. Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to set up some schools for poor children. 6) My father was so pleasing that he suggested I go to England for a holiday .(NMET2008） 7) Play football makes us grow up tall and strong.(NMET2005） 8)There was no more buses, they had no choice but to walk home. 2.名词错误 单复数互改是高考英语改错题的基本题型之一，改动的依据有：一是根据名词前的修饰限定成份；确定名词单复数的方法：①看修饰语。可数名词前若有数词及many, a lot of, quite a few, one of…, all the (one’s)…等修饰时，要用复数。②主谓的一致。③可数名词前无单数修饰语，一定要用复数。④看其他限定。二是根据上下文的逻辑关系. 1)I looked at his other hands(NMET2007) 2)I can help visitorsfind their ways in the city (NMET2008) 3) I saw your name on a list of teacher who wished to spend their holidays in France this summer. 4) This is really a problem we Chinese official pay more attention to. 5) Is it true that some Germen will come to visit our school next week? 6)There are so many kinds of computers on sale that we can’t make up our mind which to buy. 7) All the woman doctors in the hospital got a present on the eighth of March. 3.介词的错误介词错误有介词的遗漏、副词性和连词性词组前使用多余的介词及固定搭配中的介词误用ji及介词和动词或形容词的搭配 1) I have just go