医学课件心血管系统 The Cardiovascular .ppt

Unit 8 Summary Two of the heart valves are the mitral valve and the tricuspid valve. They let blood flow from the atria to the ventricles. The other two are called the aortic valve and pulmonary valve, and they are in charge of controlling the flow as the blood leaves the heart. These valves all work to keep the blood flowing forward. They open up to let the blood move ahead, then they close quickly to keep the blood from flowing backward. Bicuspid: Having two flaps or cusps. The heart valve that is called the bicuspid valve is located between the left atrium and left ventricle. Although the aortic valve in the heart normally is tricuspid (with three cusps), it may sometimes be bicuspid. 8. Can you say something about bicuspid ? What is bicuspid stenosis ? Mitral stenosis (二尖瓣狭窄) is a heart valve disorder that narrows or obstructs the mitral valve opening. Narrowing of the mitral valve prevents the valve from opening properly and obstructs the blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle.This can reduce the amount of blood that flows forward to the body.The main risk factor for mitral stenosis is a history of rheumatic fever(风湿病) but it may also be triggered by pregnancy or other stress on the body such as a respiratory infection, endocarditis (心内膜炎), and other cardiac disorders. The tricuspid valve is located between the right atrium (top chamber) and right ventricle (bottom chamber). Its role is to make sure blood flows in a forward direction from the right atrium to the ventricle. 9. Can you say something about tricuspid valve ? What is tricuspid regurgitation(三尖瓣逆流)? Tricuspid regurgitation (tricuspid incompetence, tricuspid insufficiency) is leakage of blood backward through the tricuspid valve each time the right ventricle contracts. As the right ventricle contracts to pump blood forward to the lungs,