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Magnetic Resonance Imaging - University of Warwick磁共振成像-华威大学
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dr Sarah Wayte University Hospital of Coventry Warwickshire GE MR Scanner Receiver Coils ‘Typical’ MR Examination Surface coil selected and positioned Inside scanner for 20-30min Series of images in different orientations with different contrast obtained It is very noisy MRI in Cov Warwickshire 1.5T Extremity Wide Bore 1.5T What is so great about MRI? By changing imaging parameters (TR and TE times) can alter the contrast of the images Can image easily in ANY plane (axial/sag/coronal) or anywhere in between Spatial Resolution In slice resolution = Field of view / Matrix Field of view typically 250mm head Typical matrix 256 In slice resolution ~ 0.98mm Slice thickness typically 3 to 5 mm High resolution image FOV=250mm, 512 matrix, in slice res~0.5mm Slice thickness 0.5 to 1mm Any Plane Any Plane Magnetic field varied linearly from head to toe Hydrogen nuclei at various frequency from head to toe (ωo=γBo) RF pulse at ωo gives slice through nose (resonance) RF pulse at ωo+ ? ω gives slice through eye Sagittal/Coronal Plane Sagittal slice: vary gradient left to right Coronal slice: apply vary gradient anterior to posterior Combination of sag coronal gradient can give any angle between Image Contrast Image Contrast Depends on the pulse sequence timings used (TR/TE) 3 main types of contrast T1 weighted T2 weighted Proton density weighted Explain for 90 degree RF pulses TR and TE To form an image have to apply a series of 90o pulses (eg 256) and detect 256 signals TR = Repetition Time = time between 90o RF pulses TE = Echo Time = time between 90o pulse and signal detection Bloch Equation Bloch Equations BETWEEN 90o RF pulses Signal=Mo[1-exp(-TR/T1)] exp(-TE/T2) TRT1, TET2, T1 weighted TR~3T1, TET2, T2 weighted TR~3T1, TET2, Mo or proton density weighted PD/T1/T2 Weighted Image T1/T2 Weighted Image T1/T2 Weighted Proton Density/T2 Proton Density/T2 Lumbar Spine Images Disc protrusion L5/S1. Degenerative changes bone. Axial Images o
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