《Fundamentals of Physics精品教学-华南理工》37 Relativity.pptVIP

The Lorentz Transformation Equations Lorentz → Galilean The Galilean Transformation Equations 37-7 The Lorentz Transformation Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity 37-7 The Lorentz Transformation Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity 37-8 Some Consequences of the Lorentz Equations Simultaneity Length Contraction Time Dilation Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity 37-9 The Relativity of Velocities The Galilean Transformation Equations 37-10 Doppler Effect for Light Doppler effect for sound waves traveling in air 37-10 Doppler Effect for Light Doppler effect for light waves: only relative velocity between source and detector Low-Speed Doppler Effect (for separating) The year 2005 was named the World Year of Physics by both the United Nations and the United States Congress in recognition of the 100th anniversary of Albert Einsteins “Miracle Year,” in which he published four landmark papers. (1) Explaining the photoelectric effect by proposing the quantization of light; (2) Explaining Brownian motion; (3) Introduced the special relativity. These papers leaded to a great revolution in the field of physics. Most physicists agree that the first three of those papers deserved Nobel Prizes, but only the paper on the photoelectric effect won one. Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity General relativity is the geometric theory of gravitation published by Albert Einstein in 1915. General relativity generalizes special relativity and Newtons law of gravitation, providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric property of space and time. In particular, the curvature of spacetime is directly related to the energy and momentum of whatever matter and radiation are present. Fundamentals of Physics 37 Relativity There is nothing new to be discovered in physics now. All that remains is more and more precise measurement. William Thomson 1900 (Lord Kelvin, 1824-1907) The great successes of classical p