20th循环流化床毕业设 毕业设计.docx

本 科 毕 业 设 计 20t/h循环流化床设计The design of CFB 20t/h boiler学院名称： 能源与动力工程学院 专业班级： 学生姓名： 指导教师姓名： 指导教师职称： 2013年 6月20t/h循环流化床设计 摘要 近年来，随着能源设备的发展和利用，特别是锅炉这种将工质加热到一定的温度和压力的能源设备广泛应用，给环境造成了严重污染。尤其是以煤为主要燃料的锅炉燃烧排放出大量的灰渣、粉尘、二氧化硫和氮的氧化物等污染物，严重影响了生态环境。又由于煤、石油等化石燃料的不断开采而日渐枯竭，人们一直在努力寻找一种高效、低污染的燃烧方式以解决以上两个问题。 我国在上世纪80年代初期开始研究开发循环流化床燃烧技术,鉴于CFB锅炉的优点和我国环境排放标准的日益严格,极大地推动了循环流化床燃烧技术的推广和发展。本次设计为75吨/时循环流化床锅炉,属于中压自然循环锅炉。 在整个设计过程中，进行了无脱硫工况，脱硫工况的燃料消耗量和燃烧烟气的计算。主要计算有热力计算，强度计算和烟风阻力计算以及回料器设计计算，旋风分离器的设计计算。其中热力计算包括炉膛、高温过热器、低温过热器、省煤器以及空气预热器的计算。旋风分离器选用一个绝热旋风分离器。鉴于该锅炉为中压锅炉，采用钢管式省煤器。空气预热器采用管式空气预热器。 利用CAD,完成了锅炉总图、本体图、炉墙砖砌图、锅筒展开图。关键词:　循环流化床锅炉 热力计算 强度计算 烟风阻力计算 The design of CFB 20t/h boilerAbstract recent years，along with the extensive application of the energy equipments, boiler －this kind of energy equipment that heats the work to a certain temperature and the pressure also be subjected to a value.The widely use of the equipments caused serious pollution to the environment.Especially coal as the main fuel of the boiler combustion,that emit large amounts of ash, dust, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide pollutants, such caused a serious impact on the ecological environment.Furthermore as coal, oil and other fossil fuels continued to mined and the depletion. It has been struggling to find an efficient and Cleaner burning method to solve the above issues.In the early 1980s, China began to research and development(RD) the circulating fluidized bed combustion technology. Given the advantages of CFB boilers as well as our environmental emissions standards increasingly strict year by year, great impetus has to the circulating fluidized bed combustion technology. The topic that the graduation of this time design is the CFB which is 75t/h, belonging to the middle type pressure natural circulation boiler。Throughout the design process，I had made a calculation about the without desulfurization conditions, the status of the desulfurization of fuel consumption and combustion flue gas.The main calculating conc