语音信号采集与处理初步.docVIP

语音信号采集与处理初步 题目： 1．语音信号的采集 2．语音信号的频谱分析 3．设计数字滤波器和画出频率响应 4．用滤波器对信号进行滤波 5．比较滤波前后语音信号的波形及频谱 6．回放和存储语音信号 语音信号的读入：[y fs nbit] = wavread(天后.wav); 语音信号的播放：wavplay(y,fs); 语音信号的存储：wavwrite(soutl,fs,天后 低通); 滤波器的设计与分析： 1.用fir1设计的低通滤波器代码如下： % 设计FIR低通滤波器fp=1000HZ,fc1200HZ,Ap=1db ,fs=2*fc-fp=1400HZ(阻带截频)， % wp=fp/Fs(抽样频率)=0.023*pi,ws=fs/Fs=0.032*pi, %由于As=100,这里选择Kaiser窗作为窗函数 %计算可得A=-20lg(min{p,s})=100,由此可求阶数M,beta= 0.1102(A-8.7)=10.06 wp = 0.023*pi; ws = 0.032*pi; tr_width = ws - wp M = ceil((100-7.95)/tr_width/2.285) + 1; beta=10.06; n=[0:1:M-1]; wc = (ws+wp)/2; win = (kaiser(M,beta)); h=fir1((M-1),wc/pi,kaiser(M,beta)); [H,w]=freqz(h,1); mag = abs(H); db = 20*log10((mag+eps)/max(mag)); subplot(3,1,1); stem(n,win);title(kaiser Window) axis([0 M-1 0 1.1]); xlabel(n); ylabel(w(n)) subplot(3,1,2); stem(n,h);title(Actual Impulse Response) axis([0 M-1 -0.1 0.3]); xlabel(n); ylabel(h(n)) subplot(3,1,3); plot(w/pi,db);title(Magnitude Response in dB);grid; axis([0 1 -150 10]); xlabel(frequency (pi)); ylabel(Decibels) set(gca,XTickMode,manual,XTick,[0,0.023,0.032,1]) set(gca,YTickMode,manual,YTick,[-100,0]) 低通滤波器的设计效果： 2.高通滤波器的设计与选择： 1）直接法设计的butterworth高通滤波器 %设计IIR高通滤波器fp=5000HZ,fc=4800HZ;As=100db,Ap=1db %fs=2*fc-fp=4600HZ(阻带截频), wp=fp/Fs(抽样频率)=0.113*pi, %ws=fs/Fs=0.104*pi wp=0.113*pi; ws=0.104*pi; rp=1; rs=100; [N,Wn]=buttord(wp/pi,ws/pi,rp,rs); [b,a]=butter(N,Wn,high); [h1,w]=freqz(b,a,256,2); plot(w,20*log10(abs(h1)));grid;title( High-pass DF ); 2)双线性变换法设计的butterworth高通滤波器 wp=0.113*pi; ws=0.104*pi; rp=1; rs=35; Fs=44100; wap=2*tan(wp/2); was=2*tan(ws/2); [n,wn]=buttord(wap,was,rp,rs,s); [z,p,k]=buttap(n); [b,a]=zp2tf(z,p,k); [bt,at]=lp2hp(b,a,wap);); [bz,az]=bilinear(bt,at,Fs); [h,w]=freqz(bz,az,256,2); plot(w,20*log10(abs(h)));grid; title( High-pass DF ); 3)用FIR1设计的高通滤波器： wp = 0.113*pi; ws = 0.104*pi; tr_width = wp - ws; M = ceil((100-7.95)/tr_width/2.285) + 1; beta=10.06; n=[0:1:M-1]; wc = (ws+wp)/2; win = (kaiser(M,beta)); h=fir1((M-1),wc/pi,high,kaiser(M,beta)); [H,w