某项目施危险性分析及整改毕业论文.doc

 摘 要 安全一直以来都是我们关注的话题。目前，国家越来越重视各个生产行业的安全，尤其对建筑行业的安全监管力度越来越大，这使得建筑行业的安全生产越来越规范。本文针对永川长江大桥施工现场的安全状态，进行危险因素辨识。在经过对各种安全评价方法进行对比后，采取作业条件危险评价法对施工单元中的危险因素进行分析，得到施工单元中每个危险因素等级。危险因素主要包括高处坠落，物体打击，坍塌，起重伤害，触电，车辆伤害和机械伤害等。根据危险因素等级的高低，选择对危险等级最高的高处坠落危险因素进行事故树分析，找出导致事故发生的根本原因。然后参考“三E对策”中的安全管理、安全技术和安全教育等方法，有针对性的提出一些安全整改措施。基于上述分析，达到改善长江大桥施工现场安全状态的目的。 关键词：施工安全；LEC分析法；事故树；危险评价；三E对策 ABSTRACT Security has always been a topic of concern to us. Currently, more and more emphasis on security status of the various production sectors by national, particularly in the supervision of the construction industry is growing, which makes the production safety of the construction industry more and more standardized. In this paper, the risk factors would be identified in Yangchuan Yangtze River Bridge construction site。After a variety of safety evaluation method comparison, it takes risk assessment of working conditions in the construction unit to analysis the risk factors, for each risk factor levels of the construction unit. Risk factors include falls, against objects, collapse, lifting injury, electric shock, vehicle damage and mechanical damage, and so on. According to the degree of danger, choice of risk factors for falls for fault tree analysis to identify the root cause which causes the accident. Then use the safety management, safety technology and safety education methods in the three E countermeasures to making some safety corrective measures. Based on the above analysis, to achieve the purpose what improves Yangtze River Bridge construction site security state. Key words：construction safety; LEC method; fault tree; risk assessment; 3E countermeasures 目 录 1 前言 1 2 工程项目简介 3 2.1 工程概况 3 2.2 项目部组织机构 4 2.3 工程主要施工设备 5 2.4 施工流程和进度 6 2.5 施工保障体系 7 3 工程项目安全现状 9 3.1 安全管理制度 9 3.2 安全技术措施 9 3.3 人员安全技能和素质 10 4 施工危险性评价 12 4.1 危险因素辨识 12 4.2 危险性评价法选择 15 4.3 危险性评价 19 4.4 小结 29 5 高处坠落事故原因分析 32 5.1 事故树分析步骤 32 5.2 事故树的建立 33 5.3 分析和结论 35 6 安全控制对策 39 6.1 安全管理措施 39 6.2