高考英语法复习-定语从句.docxVIP

PAGE  PAGE 24 By Cui Xialing 定语从句 一 概念:　 * 定语从句在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子. (在句子中作定语) Harry Porter is a boy （who has magic power.） * 定语从句的结构引导词+从句的其他成分（使用陈述语序） * 先行词定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 * 关系词（定语从句的引导词） 1.关系代词（在从句中做主语或宾语，有who whom which that） 2.关系副词（在从句中做状语，有 when where why） *★★★ 限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 主语宾语定语人who、thatwhom、who、thatwhose=of whom物Which、thatwhich、thatwhose=of which注：1.限制性定语从句中关系代词的省略 关系代词做动词的宾语，可省略。 作介词的宾语，且介宾远离可省略。 作介词的宾语，且介宾紧挨不可省略。 2.在非限制性定语从句中，一不可省略宾语（关系代词）二不用that. * ★★★限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法 关系副词先行词在从句中所做的成分When=at/in/on which表时间的名词时间状语Where=in/at which表地点的名词 特stage、case、point、situation地点状语Why=for which表原因的词语 reason原因状语 二．定语从句的由来 ★★★关系代词实际上是先行词的复指 ★★★关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格 ★★★关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词 1. 先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。 I helped an old man. The old man lost his way. I helped an old man who /that lost his way. I helped an old man, who lost his way. 2. 先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。 The boy is my friend. You met him just now/ The boy (whom/who/that) you met just now is my friend. The boy, whom/who you met just now is my friend 3. 先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做主语。 Football is a game. The game is liked by most boys. Football is a game which/that is liked by most boys. Football is a game, which is liked by most boys. 4. 先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做宾语。 I cannot find the book. . I bought a book yesterday. I cannot find the book. (which /that) I bought yesterday. I cannot find the book, which I bought yesterday. 5. 先行词为人，关系代词在定语从句中做定语 I know a boy. His mane is jack. =I know a boy. The name of him is jack I know a boy whose name is jack. =I know a boy, the name of whom is jack. =I know a boy, of whom the name is jack. 6. 先行词为物，关系代词在定语从句中做定语 I once lived in a house. The house’s roof has fallen。 =the roof of the house has fallen. I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen. = I once lived in a house , the roof of which has fallen. 7.when The time finally came. During this time we got together. The time (during which got together) finally came. The time (when we got together) finally