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SHOCK Jeremy Maddux, NREMTP Definitions Shock: “The body’s response to poor perfusion” AKA: Hypoperfusion Perfusion: “The process by which oxygenated blood is delivered to the body’s tissue and wastes are removed from the tissue” Definitions Aerobic Metabolism: “Metabolism with oxygen” Anaerobic Metabolism: “Metabolism without oxygen” Decreased perfusion leads to: Shock Anaerobic metabolism Build up of toxins Fluids and Electrolytes Water 60% Mixed with proteins and electrolytes Sent to various compartments in the body Intracellular fluid - 75% Extracellular fluid - 25% Interstitial fluid - 17.5% Intravascular fluid - 7.5% Electrolytes Substances that dissociate into electrically charged particles when placed into water. Charged particles are called “ions”. Positive charge = “cation” Negative charge = “anion” Cations and Anions Cations - positively charged Sodium Na+ Potassium K+ Calcium Ca++ Magnesium Mg++ Anions - negatively charged Chloride Cl- Bicarbonate HCO3- Phosphate PO4- Cations Sodium (Na+) Most prevalent cation in the extracellular fluid Plays a major role in regulating the distribution of water Potassium (K+) Most prevalent cation in the intracellular fluid Transmission of electrical impulses “Next of Kin” “N”ext Sodium (Na+) Most prevalent cation in the extracellular fluid “K”in Potassium (K+) Most prevalent cation in the intracellular fluid Cations Calcium (Ca++) Muscle contraction Nervous impulse transmission Magnesium (Mg++) Several biochemical processes Closely associated with phosphate in many processes Anions Chloride (Cl-) Most prevalent anion in the extracellular fluid Fluid balance and renal function Bicarbonate (HCO3-) Principle buffer of the body Neutralizes highly acidic hydrogen ion (H+) Anions Phosphate (HPO4-) Major intracellular anion Important in body energy stores Helps maintain acid-base balance Cellular Membranes Permeability The degree to which a substance is allowed to pass through a cell membrane Semipermeable Cell membranes that