外文翻译---计算机网络和数据库.docVIP

毕业设计（论文）文献翻译 英文资料： Computer Networks and Database Networks Some reasons are causing centralized computer systems to give way to networks. The first one is that many organizations already have a substantial number of computers in operation ,often located far apart .Initially ,each of these computers may have worked in isolation from the other ones ,but at a certain time ,management may have decided to connect them to be able to correlate information about the entire organization .Generally speaking ,this goal is to make all programs ,data ,and other resources available to anyone on the network without regard to the physical location of the resource and the user . The second one is to provide high reliability by having alternative sources of supply .With a network ,the temporary loss of a single computer is much less serious ,because its users can often be accommodated elsewhere until the service is restored . Yet another reason of setting up a computer network is computer network can provide a powerful communication medium among widely separated people . Application of Networks One of the main areas of potential network sue is access to remote database .It may someday be easy for people sitting at their terminals at home to make reservations for airplanes trains , buses , boats , restaurants ,theaters ,hotels ,and so on ,at anywhere in the world with instant confirmation .Home banking ,automated newspaper and fully automated library also fall in this category .Computer aided education is another possible field for using network ,with many different courses being offered. Teleconferencing is a whole new form communication. With it widely separated people can conduct a meeting by typing messages at their terminals .Attendees may leave at will and find out what they missed when they come back .International contacts by human begin may be greatly enhanced by network based communication facilities . Network Structure Broadly speaking,there are two general types of d