项目管理 Scheduling Resources.pptVIP

Chapter Eight: Scheduling Resources Project network times are not a schedule until resources have been assigned.只有在资源得到分配以后，项目网络时间才能成为进度计划。 8.1：Overview综述 There are always more project proposals than there are available resources. The priority system needs to select projects that best contribute to the organization’s objectives, within the constraints of the resources available. (243-2-1)项目建议总是比可用资源多，优先级系统在可用资源的约束下选择那些能对组织目标做出最大贡献的项目。 One research study of more than 50 project reports that planned project network durations were increased 38 percent when resources were scheduled. (244-1-10)调查了50多个项目以后，一项研究报告说，在对资源进行时间调配后，计划的项目网络时间长度会增加38%。 The consequences of failing to schedule limited resources: (244-2-3) Costly activity Project delays Ignoring the peaks and valleys of resource usage over the duration of the project 8.1.1: Types of Project Constraints项目约束的类型 (244) Technical or Logic Constraints These constraints usually address the sequence in which project activities must occur.(244-4-1) Resource Constraints The absence or shortage of resources can drastically alter technical constraints. A project network planner may assume adequate resources and show activities occurring in parallel. However, parallel activities hold potential for resource conflicts. (244-5-1) Note that the resource dependency takes priority over the technological dependency but does not violate the technological dependency. (245-1-4) Physical Constraints Constraint Examples约束的例子 8.1.2: Kinds of Resource Constraints资源约束的种类(246) People The many differing skills of human resources add to the complexity of scheduling projects.(246-3-4)人力资源的众多不同技能增加了项目进度计划的复杂性。 Materials Material availability and shortages have been blamed for the delay of many projects. (246-5-1) Equipment Equipment is often overlooked as a constraint. The most common oversight is to assume the resource pool is more than adequate for the project. (246-6-2)设备作为一种约束经常被忽视，最常见的疏忽是项目需要的资源超出了假设。 In multi project environments i