矿井火灾外文翻译.docxVIP

英文原文MINE FIRE1. IntroductionThe most feared of hazards in underground mines or other subsurface facilities are those of firseand explosions. Like airplane crashes ,these do not occur often but, when they do ,have the potential of causing diaastrous loss of life and property as well as a temporary or permanent sterilization of mineral reserves. Fuithermore,” near-misses” occur all to frequently .the incidence of min fires appears not to be declining despite greatly improved methods of mine environmental design and hazard control .this is a consequence of two matters .first the growing varity of material that are imported into modern mine workings, varying from resins and plastics to liquid fuels and hydraulic fluids. a second factor is the contions increase in the employment of mechanized procedurds, mang of the maching involving flammable liquids and materials that can produce toxic fumes when over-heated .the enormous loss of life due to mine fires and explosions during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries preoccupied the minds of mining engineers and scientists of the time .through the 1980’s ,mine fires reemerged as a topoc of prissing research need .The majority of deaths arising from mine fires and explosions are caused ,not by burning or blast effects ,but by the inhalation of toxic gases ,in particular ,carbon monoxide. There are two major differences between underground fires and those that occur in suifacestrucrures. thefirsr concerns the long distances, often seversl kilometers, that personnel might be required to travel in passageways that may be smoke-filed. Secondly, the ventilation routes are bounded by the confines of the airways and workings, causing closely coupled interactions between the airflows and behaviour of the fire.It is difficult for anyone who has not had the experience, to comprehend the sensations of compete isolstionand disorientation involved in feeling one’s way through a long smoke-files mine airway and to walk just a few step