大学英语语法和写作College English Grammar and Writing 2 Basic parts of a sentence .ppt

* College English Grammar: Grammar and Writing Unit 2 Basic parts of a sentence (II) Grammar:  1. Object and complement  2．Basic sentence structures Writing: Correcting: Run-on Sentence Rewriting: The importance of the subject Object and complement Generally, verbs can be put into two: linking verbs and action verbs. Both of them require a word to complete their meaning. We can call such a word complement. The complement of a linking verb is called a predicative or a subject complement, which describes or renames the subject. For example: My favorite playwright is William Shakespeare. Mark Twain became a pilot on a steamboat. She felt uneasy in the crowd. The complement of an action verb is called an object. Subject is the doer of the action, and the object is the receiver of the action. The old man caught a big fish. Her husband frequently beat her. My uncle eventually gave up smoking. Sometimes action verbs have two different objects: direct object and indirect object. Direct object is the receiver of the action while an indirect object is the receiver of the direct object. For instance： Harry bought his son a new school-bag.  Usually, a preposition “to” or “for” can be put in front of the indirect object. For example,  1. The old man left his daughter a large house. (The old man left a large house for his daughter.) 2. Jim presented his girl friend a bunch of flowers. (Jim presented a bunch of flowers to his girl friend.) Adverbials indicates time, place, manner, and reasons. They answer questions such as when, where, how and why. Adverbials can be adverbs, prepositional phrases, or adverbial clauses.  As a rule, a long adverbial are placed at the end of a sentence, while short adverbials are flexible to locate: at the beginning, in the middle or at the end may be all right. For instance 1. The train will arrive next morning. 2. He carefully drove his car to the station.