脊髓灰质炎课件_14.pptVIP

Poliomyelitis Dept. Of Infectious Disease 2nd Affiliated Hospital CMU Definition Poliomyelitis is acute infectious disease caused by poliovirus. Infantile paralysis. Pathologic lesions: motor neurons in the gray matter in the anterior horn of the spinal cord.. Clinical feature: Definition Clinical feature: fever sore throat muscle pain paralysis Etiology Causative agent: poliovirus family Picornaviridae, genus Enterovirus single strain RNA Resistance: Sensitive to heat, oxidant ultraviolet rays Etiology Serotype: on the basis of neutralization tests. Type I Type II Type III no cross immunity Epidemiology Source of infection patients and carriers: inapparent inf. non-paralytic inf. Route of transmission air-borne, respiratory tract: fecal-oral route: Epidemiology Susceptibility: universal susceptible to polio covert infection 90% paralytic patients1% lifelong immunity to same type virus Epidemiologic features children under 5yrs, 6m~5yrs summer fall Pathogenesis Pathology Place of lesion: all of CNS spinal cord, brain stem motor neurons in anterior horns of cervical lumbar enlargement of spinal cord. Pathology Pathologic features neuron necrosis inflammatory infiltrate of leukocyte,lymphocyte. Clinical manifestation Incubation period: 5~14 days Clinical types Covert infection: 90% Abortive poliomyelitis: 4~8% Non-paralytic poliomyelitis: Paralytic poliomyelitis: 1%~2% Clinical manifestation Paralytic poliomyelitis Prodromal period preparalytic period paralytic period convalescent period sequela period Clinical manifestation Prodromal period:(1~4d) upper respiratory tact infection: fever, fatigue, sore throat, headache intestinal tract infection: vomiting, diarrhea, constipation abortive poliomyelitis Clinical manifestation Preparalytic per