The iggs Particle希格斯粒子.pptVIP

August 22, 2002 UCI Quarknet The Higgs Particle Sarah D. Johnson University of La Verne August 22, 2002 Outline Mass in the Standard Model Electro-Weak Force Unification and the Higgs Mechanism Searches for the Higgs Particle Future Prospects What We Will Learn When We Find It Mass in the Standard Model Particle Masses (GeV/c2) Questions: II. Electroweak Force Unification and the Higgs Mechanism For two protons in a nucleus the electromagnetic force is 107 times stronger than the weak force, but, at much shorter distances (~10-18 m), the strengths of the weak and the electromagnetic forces become comparable.. GWS Electroweak Theory Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Higgs Mechanism The Higgs Field and Higgs Boson III. Searches for the Higgs Particle Searches at the Large Electron-Positron Collider (LEP) at CERN Aerial view of LEP at CERN LEP Search Results Searches at the Tevatron IV. Future Prospects V. What We Will Learn When We Find It Supersymmetry * What is the origin of the particle masses? W± 80.4 Tau 1.7771 Muon 0.106 Electron 0.000511 Z 91.187 ντ 0.02 νμ 0.0002 νe 1 x 10-8 Gluon 0 Bottom 4.3 Strange 0.1 Down 0.006 Photon 0 Top 175 Charm 1.3 Up 0.003 Why is there such a large range of quark masses? Why do the W and Z have mass, but the photon and the gluon do not? Why are the neutrino masses so small? Why is there such a large range of lepton masses? 1961 – 1968 Glashow, Weinberg and Salam (GWS) developed a theory that unifies the electromagnetic and weak forces into one electroweak force. Electromagnetic Force – mediator: photon (mass = 0) felt by electrically charged particles Weak Force – mediators: W+,W-, Z0(mass ~ 80-90 GeV/c2) felt by quarks and leptons The theory begins with four massless mediators for the electroweak force: Wμ1,2,3 and Bμ. Wμ1,2,3, Bμ W+, W-, Z0, γ This transformation is the result of a phenomenon known as Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking. In the case of the electroweak force, it is known as the Higgs Mechani