9 Age and SexRelated Differences9章的年龄和性别差异课件.ppt

Resistance Training Guidelines for Elderly Screen all participants for medical complications Warm-up prior to all activity Use appropriate resistance Resistance Training Guidelines for Elderly Avoid Valsalva maneuver Allow 48-72 hours for recovery Train in pain-free ROM Program supervised by trained instructors Next Class Chapter 22 Periodization Download Brown and Greenwood article and write a one page summary Age- and Sex-Related Differences Chapter 9 Objectives Evaluate safety when lifting with children Discuss sex-related differences in muscular function Describe the effects of aging on muscle Explain why adaptations vary Sex vs. Gender Sex = is biologically founded. A female has 2X chromosomes while a male has 1X and 1Y chromosome Gender = the behavioral, cultural, or psychological traits typically associated with one sex Terminology Chronological age- age in years and months (60 month diff) Biological age- stages of development measured by skeletal age, sex characteristics, physique Measured in Tanner stages Youth Resistance Training Children have not yet reached puberty Adolescents are post puberty Children increase strength with resistance training Most strength gains in preadolescents are neural Youth Resistance Training Adolescents may increase strength due to hypertrophy Female adolescents have limited testosterone, but growth hormone and IGF cause muscle development (hypertrophy) WHY? Benefits of Youth Resistance Training Prevent injury Improve motor skills Improve sports performance Maximize bone density Improve strength and power Potential Risks Potential for injury to epiphyseal plate, typically with heavy overhead lifts in an unsupervised setting Risk of repetitive use injuries Risk of catastrophic injury when basic safety guidelines are not followed Program Design for Children Address all fitness goals Children should be mature and have the desire to train Provide high quality instruction Program Design for Children Progress gradually and safely