年龄和性别社会分层课件.pptVIP

Grouping by Gender, Age, Common Interest and Class Chapter 11 What Principles do People Use to Organize Societies? Besides kinship and marriage, people group themselves by age, common interest, gender, and class or social rank within a society to deal with problems not conveniently handled by marriage, the family and/or household, descent group, or kindred. Grouping by Age Age Grade: Categories based on age (usually of the same sex) widely used means of organizing people in societies, including those of Europe and North America. (i.e. infant, boy, girl, young man, young woman, man, woman, senior, elder) –also- (freshman, sophomore, junior, senior in college.) A specific time is often ritually established for moving from a younger to an older age grade. Age Sets—people born around the same time who move through age-grade categories together. (i.e. Generations are Age Sets. The “baby boomer” generation (Age Set) moved through the age grades of: infants, toddlers, young men/women, men/women, seniors, together.) (i.e. everyone born in the year “1990” would be an Age Set too, going through similar age grades as above). Age Grouping: TirikiEthnographic Example from Nyanza Province, Kenya Seven named age sets pass through four successive age grades. /watch?v=Us6TqBX_qEk Google Map link: /maps?f=qsource=s_qhl=engeocode=q=Nyanza+Province,+Kenyasll=-8.010276,-53.102417sspn=1.528474,2.90863ie=UTF8hq=hnear=Nyanza+Province,+Kenyall=-0.527336,34.453125spn=12.324284,23.269043t=pz=6 Each age set embraces a 15-year span and opens to accept new initiates every 105 years. In principle, the system resembles our college classes. Age GradesEthnographic Ex from Kenya (Serengeti area) Maasai subclans of western Kenya at the opening parade of the elaborate eunoto ceremony, marking the coming of age of morans (warriors). At the end of the ceremony, these men will be in the next age grade— junior adults—ready to marry and start families. Also have a 3-day initiation ceremony into an