动词如何转换成名词动名词Gerund和不定词Infinitive.DOC

第九章動詞如何轉換成名詞、動名詞（Gerund）和不定詞（Infinitive） 9 1 問題的來源 對我們說中文的人而言，一個字究竟是動詞，還是名詞，其實是 很少人知道的，對一般人而言，〝唱歌〞是動詞，但是如果我們說，〝唱 歌是有益的〞，我們又發現〝唱歌〞其實也是名詞。〝我愛唱歌〞，這 句話中，〝唱歌〞也是名詞。 英文就不同了，英文裡很少有一個字，又是動詞，又是名詞的， sing 是動詞，絕不能當很名詞用。怪不得有很多中國人會說 ＊Sing is good for you. 或者是＊I like sing. 既然sing 是動詞，也沒有一個〝sing〞的名詞，怎麼辦呢？英文解套 的辦法很有趣，他們用動名詞（gerund）和不定詞（infinitive）來將 一個動詞改成一個名詞。 9 2 動名詞（Gerund） 所謂動名詞，乃是將一個動詞，字尾加上ing，一夜之間，這個 動詞就可以當作名詞用了。請看以下的例子： I like singing. Playing basketball is good for you. Do you enjoy listening to classical music? Is traveling around the world meaningful to you? Studying English is not difficult. 我們不妨將動名詞的用法分一下類： 1.動名詞可用作主詞，如 Playing tennis is enjoyed by many people. Taking drugs is avoided by most people. Being kind to others is important for every one. Respecting your parents shows good character. 2.動名詞可以用作動詞的受詞，如 I enjoy studying English. He does not mind walking long distances. I have never enjoyed being alone in my life. He loves swimming. 3.動名詞可以用作介系詞（preposition）的受詞，英文裡有很多介系 詞，at, in, about, of, on 等等都是介系詞，介系詞後面必定跟一個名 詞，也是它的受詞，舉例來說 on the table in my home about Hitler of my life on this island 各位一定注意到，每一個介系詞後面都有一個名詞，作為它的受詞。 動名詞是可以作為介系詞的受詞的，如： This book is about traveling. He is responsible for cleaning the kitchen. My brother is capable of writing programs. You just keep on going straight. 在下面，我們要給各位更多有關gerund 的例子，各位不妨看看 每一個句子中，那個動名詞是作什麼用的。 Instead of swimming, he walks every morning. He likes walking in the woods. Are you interested in playing tennis? Loving is to be kind to others. Reading is important to students. In addition to traveling, he also likes reading novels. You will be happy by helping others. He is worried about being late. I finished writing the report yesterday. They thanked me for lending them money. He has never finished writing the novel. She is in change of teaching English in our school. My father objected to my going to the summer camp. Please stop joking about my brother. I look forward to seeing you. He has never enjoyed traveling. She was excit