新矿床学课地调07第七章 热水喷流沉积矿床.pptx

第七章 热水喷流沉积矿床;热水喷流沉积矿床;基本特征;Chert-magnetite-calcite-pyrite exhalative sedimment;矿床具有层控及时控特征。在某一地区内矿体往往赋存于一定层位。 矿体往往呈层状、似层状或透镜状产于地层中，且矿体一般随地层褶皱而褶皱。;矿床具典型的“双层”构造，上部为层状矿体，下部为细脉状、筒状含矿蚀变体。;From:gsc.nrcan.gc.ca;From:gsc.nrcan.gc.ca;蚀变特征;芮宗瑶（1989）指出： 在火山岩容矿的热水喷流沉积矿床（VMS）中，喷流通道常见明显的绿泥石化、硅化，有时还能见到钠长石化以及铁镁碳酸盐化，在喷口以上的层状矿体的下盘可见到明显的黄铁绢英岩化。 在沉积岩容矿的喷流热水沉积矿床（Sedex）中，喷流通道中常见的蚀变是硅化，有时也还有电气石化、钠长石化，在沉积的层状矿的下盘仅见到白云石化、电英岩化和绿泥石化。;Cross-section of the Sullivan deposit showing the local stratigraphy, major sulphide types, and core alteration facies (from Lydon et al., 2000a).;分类;VMS矿床;VMS矿床;From:Steve Scott;工业意义;From:gsc.nrcan.gc.ca;Major World VMS Deposits and Districts;Deposit;Deposit;Deposit;VMS型矿床的分类;黑矿型(Kuroko)VMS;黑矿型VMS矿床;流纹质角砾岩及矿化;块状铅锌矿体;(A) Example of a zoned sulphide chimney from the Endeavour Ridge vent field (I.R. Jonasson). (B) Typical textures from a massive sulphide mound, Main vent field, Juan de Fuca Ridge. Mineralogical banding is due to incremental chimney growth, with ovoids representing worm casts. Fragment cemented by later sulphide growth during mound collapse and subsequent invasion by hydrothermal fluid. (C) Clastic sandy sulphide ore from Cretaceous Aarja deposit, Semail ophiolite, Oman. This common texture is created by repeated mound collapse resulting from anhydrite dissolution and recementing with later sulphide (photo by I.R. Jonasson). (D) Pyrite-sphalerite clast as part of a proximal debris flow, Louvicourt, Val dOr. 15 cm metal grid for scale.;方铅矿-闪锌矿-黄铜矿;;大地构造环境;;容矿岩石为双峰（？）拉斑玄武岩、钙碱性长英质熔岩套及火成碎屑岩。;纹层状流纹质凝灰岩;含铁建造;上部矿体为层状，下部矿体为网脉状、细脉状、角砾状。;矿石类型具分带现象，自上而下依次为： – 黑矿（方铅矿、闪锌矿）， – 黄矿（黄???矿、黄铜矿）、 – 硅矿（强硅化岩石中的网脉状、角砾状黄铁矿、黄铜矿）。;塞浦路斯型(Cyprus)VMS;塞浦路斯型VMS;;别子型（Bessi)VMS;Windy Craggy:Cross-section of the North Sulphide Body (section 10570N) looking west (after Geddes Resources Limited, unpublished, 1990).;From:gsc.nrcan.gc.ca;矿石细粒、块状、薄层状矿石，有胶状和草莓状结构的黄铁矿，还有角砾状和细脉状矿石，矿石矿物包括黄铁矿、黄铜矿、磁黄铁矿、闪锌矿等。有用元素组合为Cu-Zn（Au）。;主要成矿时代为元古代、古生代以及中生代。 典型矿床包括加拿大基瓦丁(Craggy)、日本别子(Bessi)、西班牙-葡萄牙的里奥·廷托、甘