基于曲流技术和遗传算法局部放电检测微带天线.docVIP

基于曲流技术和遗传算法的局部放电检测微带天线* 田妍1，刘宇舜2，熊俊1，李鹏飞2，钟少泉1，周文俊2（1．广州供电局有限公司，广州 510620；2．武汉大学电气工程学院，武汉 430072） 摘要：450 MHz ~2800 MHz，覆盖了局部放电特高频信号的主要频率范围。同时天线具有体积小、近似全向测量、增益高和灵敏度高的优点。模拟绝缘缺陷局部放电检测试验结果表明，该型天线可以有效检测典型局部放电特高频信号，满足变电站现场局部放电检测要求。 关键词： 中图分类号：TM 文献标识码： 文章编号： A micro-strip antenna detecting partial discharge based on meandering technology and genetic algorithm Tian Yan1, Liu Yushun2, Xiong Jun1, Li Pengfei2, Zhong Shaoquan1, Zhou Wenjun2 (1. Guangzhou Power Supply Bureau Co. Ltd, Guangzhou 510620, China. 2. School of Electrical Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China) Abstract: A novel omni-directional partial discharge (PD) ultra-high frequency (UHF) antenna sensor is designed based on the micro-strip antenna theory. In order to extend the operation bandwidth, the meandering technology is used to modify the structure of micro-strip antenna. The genetic algorithm method is used to obtain the optimal parameter of modified structure, which makes operation bandwidth reach to the widest. The operation bandwidth of modified micro-strip antenna is 450 MHz ~2800 MHz, which covers the mainly frequency range of PD UHF signal. Meanwhile, this antenna is also advanced for small size, omnidirectional measurement, high antenna gain and high sensitivity. The simulated insulation defect PD test results show that this antenna can detect the typical PD UHF signal effectively and meet the requirement of onsite PD detection in substation. Keywords: PD, UHF, antenna sensor, meandering technology, genetic algorithm, micro-strip antenna 0　引 言 局部放电（Partial Discharge，PD）既是电气设备绝缘劣化的主要原因，又是重要征兆[1]。检测电气设备的PD有助于判断设备内部的绝缘状态，为实现电气设备故障诊断和状态评估奠定基础[2]。当电气设备内部出现PD时，会产生频率为0.3 GHz~3 GHz的特高频（Ultra-high Frequency，UHF）信号[3]。PD UHF信号会通过电气设备上非金属屏蔽部件传播到外部空间中，因此可以使用UHF天线检测PD信号，判定电气设备是否发生PD[4-5]。 PD UHF检测天线分为内置式与外置式两类，其中外置式天线由于不改变电气设备内部电场分布和便于在已投运的电气设备上安装的优点，目前得到了越来越广泛的研究和应用[6]。由于受天线体积和自身辐射特性的限制，PD UHF检测天线较难兼顾较宽的工作带宽和较小的体积。例如，螺旋天线、微带天线、环形天线和Hilbert分形天线体积较小，方便现场安装使用，但是工作带宽较窄，