SQA 经济学 课件.docVIP

本文由should_sp贡献 ppt文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT，或下载源文件到本机查看。 5.1 Section 1 (Outcome 1) (p13(p13-p143) Basic concepts in Economics 5.1.1 Introduction to Section 1 (Outcome 1) 1) ●Questions: Questions: ○ Hard to find a job? ○ Unemployment ? ○ Low wage? ○ National medical care? ○ Inflation (food, gasoline, house, education)? ○ High house price ? ○ Some are extremely rich, while others are very poor, Why? These are matters of Economics ! ● Economics deals with the production, distribution use of goods, money, natural resources, and services. ● Why need to study Economics ? because there are limited resources— resources— Scarcity (稀缺性)! (稀缺性 稀缺性)! ● What is Economics ? 5.1.2 Economics: a definition ■ Definition of Economics Economics is a social science. It studies how individuals, firms, governments and other organisations make choices to determine the way the resources of society are used. (p16) Economics can be divided into two categories (p17): Economics Macroeconomics Microeconomics ● Macroeconomics (宏观经济学) 宏观经济学) Studies economic decision-making the use of a country’s decisionresources Issues affecting the entire country: 宏观经济学研究与国家经济决策和国家资源使用相关的影响整个国 家的问题, 例如: 家的问题, 例如: Unemployment (失业), inflation (通货膨胀), economic growth (失业 失业), (通货膨胀 通货膨胀), (经济增长), Money Banking (货币和银行), International 经济增长), (货币和银行 货币和银行), trade (国际贸易), . . . (国际贸易 国际贸易), ● Microeconomics (微观经济学) (微观经济学 微观经济学) Studies decision making of economics in a smaller scale: 微 观宏观经济学研究小范围内的经济决策问题. 观宏观经济学研究小范围内的经济决策问题. Business firms (企业), consumers workers (消费者和员工), (企业 企业), (消费者和员工 消费者和员工), an industry (一个行业), . . . (一个行业 一个行业), Issues: Profit (利润), Costs (成本), Wage (工资), Pricing (定 (利润 利润), (成本 成本), (工资 工资), (定 (竞争 竞争), 价), Competition (竞争), . . . 5.1.3 Basic concepts in Economics (The economic problems) ■ Scarcity (稀缺性)! (稀缺性 稀缺性)! ● Why need to study Economics ? because there are limited reso