优质香软米新品种云粳20号选育及栽培技术.docVIP

优质香软米新品种云粳20号选育及栽培技术 　　摘要：针对云南高原粳稻区海拔高，水的沸点较低，普通米饭硬度大、食味性较差等问题，开展粳稻软米新品种选育研究。根据育种目标，用软米品系云粳优3号作母本，抗稻瘟病高产品系云粳优10号作父本进行杂交，经过5年8代系谱选择，育成了国内第一个粳型优质香软米新品种云粳20号。该品种早熟、品质优、产量较高、抗稻瘟病、轻感白叶枯病、耐寒性中等，其米饭香浓、柔软可口、外观油润光泽、冷不回生、商品性好。为配合该品种的推广应用，提出了相关配套高产栽培技术。该品种适宜在云南省海拔1 500～1 800 m稻区及周边省份相似生态型稻区种植。 　　关键词：粳稻；优质；香软米；云粳20号；选育；栽培技术 　　中图分类号：S511.2+2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2013）20-4864-03 　　Breeding and Cultivation Technology of New Fragrant and Soft Rice Cultivar Yunjing No. 20 with Good Quality 　　ZHU Zhen-hua，YUAN Ping-rong，ZHAO Guo-zhen，SU Zhen-xi，KOU Shu-yan，ZOU Qian， 　　LIU Wei-hua，CHEN Yu-min 　　（Food Crops Institute， Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Kunming 650205，China） 　　Abstract： According to the problems of high altitude， low water boiling point， high hardness and bad taste of regular rice in highland japonica rice region of Yunnan province， breeding of soft japonica rice was carried out. Based on the breeding object， the first fragrant and soft japonica rice cultivar Yunjing No. 20 with good quality in China was bred by five-year and eight-generation systematic selection using soft rice line Yunjingyou No. 3 as female parent and Yunjingyou No. 10 with high yield and blast resistance as male parent. The results showed that Yunjing No.20 with good quality and high yield， was early-maturing， resistant to blast， slightly sensitive to bacterial leaf blight， and tolerant to moderate cold. The cooked rice had fragrant odor and fluffy texture， glossy appearance， soft texture of cooled rice， and well commodity. In order to promote this cultivar， high-yield cultivation technology was proposed. The cultivar is suitable for the altitude ranged from 1 500 m to 1 800 m in japonica rice planting area of Yunnan province and provinces with similar ecotype surrounding Yunnan province. 　　Key words： japonica rice； good quality； fragrant and soft rice； Yunjing No. 20； breeding； cultivation technology 　　云南高原粳稻主要种植于海拔1 500～2 700 m的地区，稻区内立体气候特点突出，生态条件差异较大[1，2]。由于该稻区气候条件的特殊性，外引品种不能直接