Dynamo A Transparent Dynamic Optimization System发电机的一个透明的动态优化系统.pptVIP

Dynamo: A Transparent Dynamic Optimization System Bala, Dueterwald, and Banerjia /cambridge/ projects/Dynamo What is Dynamo? Dynamic translation = quick dirty virtual-to-native translation + focused native-to-native optimization of the most frequently executed portions of the translated code Dynamo focuses on the latter component Motivation for Dynamo? Programs typically spend most of their execution time in a small fraction of program code Optimizing code at translation-time can be counterproductive Dynamo allows for implementation of a quick virtual-to-native optimizer while letting the native-to-native optimizer clean up the translated code “hot” at runtime. Dynamo Implementation The native-to-native optimizer is implemented as a software layer tightly coupled to the CPU hardware How does Dynamo work? Dynamo operates at runtime Interprets an application’s instructions via a native instruction interpreter Activates counter for application addresses satisfying a start of trace condition—an address reached by taking a backward branch in the application Establishing “Hot” traces If a start of trace is referred to again in the program, Dynamo goes into the fragment cache thus suspending itself and resuming native execution of the program. Key: when an address becomes “hot”, it is statistically likely that the very next sequence of interpreted instructions will also be “hot”. When a counter is “hot”, the interpreter changes state and goes into trace selection mode. What is done with hot traces? Once selected the instructions are converted into a low-level IR (intermediate representation). Next, a lightweight optimizer processes the IR to create a fragment—a single-entry, multi-exit sequence of instructions laid out contiguously in memory. Finally, a linker emits the fragment code to the fragment cache and links it with others in the cache Continued… The linker also gives a linker stub at the bottom of each fragment for each taken branch in the fragment. If the branc