The Performance of Microkernel-Based Systems：基于微内核的系统性能.pptVIP

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2018-06-24 发布于四川
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The Performance of Microkernel-Based Systems：基于微内核的系统性能.ppt

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The Performance of Microkernel-Based Systems：基于微内核的系统性能

The Performance of Microkernel-Based Systems L4Linux What is a microkernel kernels that only provide address spaces, threads, and IPC kernel does not handle e.g. the file system or interrupts Mircokernel abstraction level some researchers feel abstraction level is too high kernel should map more directly to hardware some researchers feel abstraction is too low focus on extensibility (Mach) L4 so called 2nd generation microkernel built from scratch as opposed to a developed from earlier monolithic kernel approaches (e.g. Mach) L4 essentials threads, address spaces and cross-address-space communication (IPC) other kernel operations e.g. RPC and address-space crossing thread migration are built up from IPC primitives Address spaces recursive construction granting, mapping, unmapping a page owner can grant or map any of its pages to another address space with the receiver permission. That page is then accessible to both address spaces Address spaces (cont) only the grant, map, and unmap are implemented in the kernel user-level “pagers” handle page faults Interrupts, exceptions, and traps all handled at user level interrupts are transformed, by kernel, into IPC messages and sent to appropriate user level thread exceptions and traps are synchronous to associated thread and kernel mirrors them to that thread Implementation of L4Linux develop L4Linux, a linux “personality” on top of the L4 microkernel due to time restrictions the linux kernel was not fine tuned in L4Linux, so results are only an upper bound on the performance penalty L4Linux linux 2.0.21 on top of L4 linux kernel is a user level server 100% binary compatible modified versions of shared C library libc.so and libc.a user level “trampoline” exception 14 engineer months and 6500 rewritten lines out of a total of ~340,000 Trampoline 100% binary compatible means that a program statically linked against the native linux library must run, unmodified, on L4Linux the trampoline “bounces” the system-call trap that