不同耕作方式和插秧方式对中稻“两迁害虫”发生和产量影响.docVIP

不同耕作方式和插秧方式对中稻“两迁害虫”发生和产量影响 　　摘要 为研究不同耕作方式和插秧方式对中稻两迁害虫和中稻产量的影响，特采取裂区试验设计的方法在黄州区开展田间试验。结果表明：牛耕与机耕2种耕作方式对稻飞虱发生量影响不大，但牛耕方式下稻纵卷叶螟发生重；人插秧方式下稻飞虱发生量显著高于机插、抛秧2种方式，而人插秧方式稻纵卷叶螟反而危害轻一些。机耕方式产量显著高于牛耕；机插秧方式平均产量极显著地高于人插秧和抛秧。在黄州区中稻生产中推荐机耕机插栽培方式。 　　关键词 耕作方式；插秧方式；两迁害虫；裂区试验设计；中稻 　　中图分类号 S344；S511.3+2 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2013）24-0131-02 　　Effects of Different Tillage Treatments and Transplanting Mode on Two Migratory Pests′s Occurrence Quantities and Middle-season Rice Yield 　　YU Yong-zhi SONG Guo-feng ZHONG Ai-rong 　　（Huangzhou District Agriculture Bureau in Huanggang City of Hubei Province，Huanggang Hubei 438000） 　　Abstract The influences of different tillage treatments and transplanting modes on two migratory pests and middle-season rice yield were studied.The field experiment was carried by split-plot design in Huangzhou District.Results showed that the cattle-farming and machine-cultivated methods on the occurrence of rice planthoppers in quantity had little effect，but rice leaf roller occurred heavier by cattle-farming processing，the occurrence quantity of rice planthopper with rice transplantation by hand was substantially higher than the mechanized transplanting and throwing transplantation treatments，but rice leaf roller transplanted by hand was light.The yield of machine-cultivated was substantially higher than the cattle-farming treatment，and the average yield of mechanized transplanting was very significantly higher than transplanting by hand and throwing transplantation treatments.The mechanized farming and mechanical transplanting cultivation pattern would be recommended on middle-season rice production in Huangzhou District. 　　Key words tillage treatments；transplanting mode；two migratory pests；split-plot design；middle-season rice 　　近年来，随着农村劳动力大量转移到城镇，剩余农村劳动力严重不足且素质下降，传统牛耕方式逐渐被机耕替代，一些轻简化栽培方式如抛秧、直播、机插秧等方式逐步推广[1-2]。为研究不同耕作方式和插秧方式对“两迁害虫”（稻飞虱、稻纵卷叶螟）发生的影响，特在黄冈市黄州区开展试验，现将试验结果报告如下。 　　1 材料与方法 　　1.1 试验田基本情况 　　试验在黄冈市黄州区陶店乡幸福村某农户承包田进行，该田块为冬闲田，排灌能力良好，泥砂田，地力水平中等，质地壤土，p