资格考试11[C]..pptVIP

(2) Credit Institutions in late Qing Dyn. (1) British Banks in China before 1860 Before 1860,all foreign banks resident in China were from Britain. ●Oriental Bank, initiator of entering China(1840s): ◎Early years saw foreign firms dealing in financing activitites in“triangle trade”of Britain, India China. Later Britain focuses on Shanghai (North China). ◎In1845,Oriental Bank(OB)entered Hongkong, Canton, Shanghai(1847). ◎British Concul Alcock reports: OB brought 0.2million silver $ into China in1847. ◎OB(丽如)also set branches in Fuchow,Hankow,Amoy,Tientsin Macao. ●Another four British banks into China(1850s): ◎1851Commercial Bank of India(汇隆in Bombay),offices in Canton,Shanghai,Hankow. ◎1854~58 Agra Bank(阿加剌),branches in Shanghai,Canton Hongkong. ◎1853 Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, London China(有利)Branches in Canton,Shanghai,Amoy. ◎1858 Chartered Mercantile Bank of India, Australia China(麦加利)more branches in China, surpasses formers. (2) Foreign Banks in China in Early 1860s ●In early1860s,a French bank four other British banks in China. ◎Comptoir d’Escompte de Paris(法兰西银行): ★The Bank set up in Paris(1848),entered Shanghai (1860),Hongkong(1863). ★It was a French ins.to compete with British banks in China, but unfavoured. ◎Four other British banks into China(early 1860s): ★1861Central Bank of Western India(汇川);1864Bank of Hindustan(利生); ★1864Asiatic Banking Cor.(利华);1864 Bank of India(利升). ★Branches in Shanghai, Hongkong. All smaller in scale:capital0.5~2million￡. ★Background: 1860s American Civil War,price of cotton rose higher, impelling China’s cotton exportation; intern.exchange thrived. They tried to speculate. ★Four British banks went bankrupt in the1890s. (1) Rise of HSBC(汇丰银行)in China 1864 set up,1865 open business, HSBC as major role monopolize China’s finance. ●British HSBC its Founding(1860s): ◎When founding, authorized capital funds: 2.5million￡. ◎Founders: 13 foreign firms a shipping company: 宝顺洋行(Messrs Dent Co.)乜洋行(Messr