英语词汇学教程复习大纲.docxVIP

Chapter4 Word Formation in English掌握主要构词法Derivation/Affixation 派生法/词缀法Conversion转化法Compounding/Composition 复合法Compounding 复合法 P61Denefinition of Compounding 定义a word-forming process of joining two or more old words to form a new unitCharacteristics of Compounds 特点 (features)1. Orthographic Criterion 写法上 a.Solid 固定式：Butterfly Layman b.Hyphenated 连字符模式：Never-ending c.Open 开放式：prime time 黄金时间 rape tape 繁文缛节2. Phonogically (发音上), there is always a single primary stress in English words, so that compounds are often recognized by stress pattern (重音) and lack of juncture (连音), if a word is a compound, its stress would be on the first part of the compound. ‘Greenhouse 3. Syntactically(句法方面), compounds are single lexical units and have specific features. Some compounds seem to use ungrammatical or at least unusual word order in English.4. Semantically(语义上), compounds tend to have special meanings. The meanings of the words interrelate in such way that the new meaning may be different from the meaning of the words in isolation(单独分离，隔绝孤立).Conversion 转化法 P67Denefinition of Conversion 定义（注意掌握哪些词是经转化而来的）A change in word class without the addition of an affix is known as conversion. 主要是n. v. adj. 之间的转化，词型没变，但词性改变，也称为Zero derivation 零派生法(没有词缀的派生法)掌握表格重音的变化P68Blending 拼缀法（注意掌握类型） P68 Denefinition of Blending 定义Blending refers to the process of combining parts of two words to form a third word which contains some of the meaning of each part. 6 common types of Blending 6种类型1. The first type of blends is a full word followed by a splinter(某一个词的部分) a. The whole of the first word and the end of the second word. (完整的词加上后面的词的一部分) b. Blends can also begin with a splinter, followed by a full word.一个词的前半部分加上另外一个词eg. a. fact + action = faction(写实小说，派系之争) huck + broadcaster = huckster(叫卖的小贩)b. medical + care = medicare(医疗保险) technology + nerd(呆子) =technonerd电脑迷2. The second type of blends consists of two splinters.a. In some cases, the beginning of one word is followed by the end o