計測報処理論.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Design of photographic lens Shinsaku Hiura Osaka University Depth of field Practically, sufficient small defocus could be ignored Approximately in focus Several important concepts Depth of field Depth of image Hyperfocal distance Defocus Finite tickness (Radius) of entering ray bundle is the source of defocus Focused at infinity Focusing and Defocus It is impossible to focus at different distance at a same time So, what is “approximately in focus”? Focused at infinity Focused at finite distance Aperture and Defocus The smaller aperture, we have smaller defocus Focused at infinity Amount of defocus “Circle of Confusion” is the radius of defocus on the image plane Depends on F-no and δ Approximately in focus Resolution of human vision 5’, 1’, 40’’, etc. (depends on the condition) If 2’ , 0.17mm at 30cm distance is resolved For a photograph with 300mm width, 1/1700 For usual photographs, 1/1000~1/1500 of diagonal length permissible circle of confusion（ε） Permissible circle of confusion For 35mm camera，ε=1/30mm is commonly used 1/1300 of diagonal length For digital camera, pitch of pixel decides For 1/3inch 2Mega Pixel, approx. ３μm 35mm camera（135 format） 36mm x 24mm Diagonal length : 43.3mm Digital camera (2/3 inch ～1/3 inch） 8.8x6.6mm ～4.8x3.6mm Diagonal length : 11mm ～6mm depth of focus Depth of focus=depth of the focus point within permissible circle of confusion Approximately ２?F?ε Because εf ε= 1/30mm Depth of focus Effective F-no. If the object is close to the object, we have to use effective F-no. We can not assume b≒f Focal length = ｆ b a rad=D depth of field Depth of field＝range of in focus at the object area Depth of field Practice (4) Let us assume that the permissible circle of confusion is 1/30mm. If we set the focus a 50mm F4 lens to the object 8m away, what is the range of depth of field? Practice (4)answer For F4 lens, depth of focus at one side is 4/30 [mm] = 0.133mm 50mm lens, focused at 8m, the for