主从复合句要点精编+练习(总复习总结).doc

主从复合句要点精编（总复习） 三类从句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句 从句考两点：连词 (是否有意思，在句中充当什么成分，是否可省)、语序（陈述语序）。 陈述语序：The photographs will show you what our village looks like. （除了what’s the matter 不变） 名词性从句 1. “主语”的位置是句子，那个从句就是“主语”从句。（宾语、表语、同位语） 2. 名词性从句连词有：(下划线的连词定语从句中不可用) （1）that;（通常不可省，只有在宾语从句中可省。） （2） wh- (what, who, whom, whose, which, where, when, why, whether, how); （3）whatever, whoever, whichever, wherever, whenever, however. 3. what和that区别 What he said makes me happy. That a new teacher will come is true. = It is true that a new teacher will come. 4. 主语从句谓语一般情况下用单数。 Whether they will come depends on the weather. 5. whether和if区别 主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、介词后的宾语从句、直接加动词不定式whether （to do）、whether or not连用时都不能使用用if。 If只在动词后的宾语从句中可以与whether互换。 Eg. I don’t know if / whether I’ll be free tomorrow. 6. whatever和no matter what区别 这两者在让步状语从句中可互换，名词性从句中只能用whatever No matter who destroys the forest will be punished. × Whoever destroys the forest will be punished . √ 7. it做形式主语和形式宾语 (1) 形主That he made such a mistake is a pity. = It is a pity that he … 形式主四大句型： It be + adj + that… eg. It is obvious that he misunderstood me. It be + n + that… eg. It is a pity that he failed to get full marks. It be + p.p. + that… eg. It is reported that a flight crashed in Pennsylvania. It + seems happens +that eg. It appears that the picture has been hung upside down.appears (2) 形宾make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that… = think it + adj / n + to do sth 状语从句 特殊连词：[as, since]多种状语从句中可用，意思不同; [once, in case]归属不绝对. 从句 连词（写出连词并写出相对应的意思） 时间 [when, while, as]当…; [before, after]在…之前/后; [since, until (till)]自从/直到; [once, as soon as, the moment]一…就…; [whenever, every/each time]每当.... 地点 where, wherever. 原因 [because(因为) since(既然) as(由于) ]; [now that, seeing that=since, as]; [for].(because强调未知的事实, since, as强调引起的后果。) 目的 that, so that, in order that, in case(以防), lest （目的状语从句中一般含有情态动词can/could, may/might, will/would, should） 结果 so that, so/such… that… (结果状语从句不可以置于句首，目的状语从句可以。)