直流微网孤岛运行模式小干扰稳定性分析.docxVIP

直流微电网孤岛运行模式小干扰稳定性分析Stability Analysis ofDC MicrogridUnder the Island Operating Mode：电气工程：直流微电网稳定二〇一五年五月摘要化石能源的短缺、电能需求的速增和用户对电能质量要求的提高促进了微电网的发展。微电网既能高效利用清洁能源，又具有较高的可靠性和可控性。依据电流性质划分，微电网可以分为直流微电网和交流微电网。直流微电网相对交流微电网效率高、可控性强、损耗低、更有利于光伏等分布式电源的接入。对于并网运行的直流微电网，其电压稳定可由大电网支撑；孤岛运行模式下，系统直流电压的稳定完全依赖内部电源的控制，因此分析其小干扰稳定性具有理论和实际意义。本文首先介绍了总线式直流微电网和互联式直流微电网两种常用拓扑，针对智能住宅和商业中心等直流微电网应用场合，分析了采用直流配电方式的技术经济优点；其次，分析直流微电网中最基本的变换器单元的阻抗特性，揭示恒功率负载呈现负阻抗特性的原因；第三，将孤岛运行模式下总线式直流微电网利用戴维南定理等效成级联系统，基于阻抗比判据分析其母线电压的稳定性；最后，针对多个总线式直流微电网通过线路互联的系统，在孤岛运行模式下，建立互联直流微电网的降阶模型，利用小扰动特征分析法分析系统的小干扰稳定性。本文给出了总线式直流微电网的阻抗模型和互联式直流微电网的降阶模型，这两种模型可以适用于源和负荷采用各种联接方式的直流微电网的分析；采用下垂控制的直流微电网系统能够稳定运行的充分条件是下垂参数小于负荷的等效最小电阻值，该结论可用于设计直流微电网的控制参数；另外，本文分析了线路参数变化对系统特征值的影响，增大线路电阻或者减小线路电感有助于改善系统的稳定性。关键词：直流微电网；孤岛运行模式；小干扰稳定；稳定性分析AbstractDepleting fossil fuels, increasing energy demand, andneed for high-reliability power supply motivate the use of microgrid.Microgrids are identified as an effective method for powergeneration and distribution, also can improve the dependability and controllability.According to the current property, microgrids can be divided into DC microgrid and AC microgrid.Compared to the AC microgrid, DC microgrid with higher efficiency, lower energy consumption,lighter pollution and more convenient to accessing for the distributed generation. Under the grid-connected mode, the voltage level depend on the great grid.But it’s controlled by power electronic converters under island operating mode.Therefore,small signal stability analysis is very importantfor the island operation mode of the DC microgrid.Firstly, this paper focus onthe situations where DC microgridapplying in,such as smart house and business centers.Then analyse the technical and economic advantages of DC microgrid.Secondly, analysis the impedance characteristic of converter unit in DC microgrid, reveal the nature of constant power loadswhich has negative impedance characteristics.Thirdly, analysis the small signal stability of DC microgrid based on DC-bus by Impe