20 Electric Charge, Force, Field - ckw20个电荷，力场，与冲孔网.pptVIP

Dipole ( ?q with separation d ): for r d = 2a Typical of neutral, non-spherical, charge distributions ( d ~ size ). Dipole moment : p = q d. On perpendicular bisector: On dipole axis: (Prob 習題 51) y x x1 = ?d/2 x2 = d/2 ?q q Q = 1 y r r E1 E2 ? ? E d = vector from ?q to +q p Continuous Charge Distributions All charge distributions are ultimately discrete ( mostly protons electrons ). Continuum approximation: Good for macroscopic bodies. Volume charge density ? [ C/m3 ] Surface charge density ? [ C/m2 ] Line charge density ? [ C/m ] Example 20.6. Charged Ring A ring of radius a carr