赛夏语单字韵律属性.pptVIP

賽夏語單字的韻律屬性Prosodic Properties of Words in Saisiyat 國立台灣大學語言研究所 江文瑜 江芳梅 Introduction Yeh (2000): V ? V[+stress] / _(C)# Zorc (1993): (D)? Phonemic length, as the result of coalescence (or crasis) of vowels, which does not correspond with stress (pitch accent) (G)? Oxytone, with accent (with or without secondary vowel lengthening) falling regularly on the ultima Research Questions What is the phonetics-phonology interaction with respect to the Saisiyat pitch accent? What is the phonological representation of pitch accent in Saisiyat? Method Speaker Two male native speakers about sixty years old Material Syllable types: 2, 3, 4 and 5 syllables Coda types: vowel (/a/ or /i/) nasal (/n/) stop (/’/) Wordlist: Recording -- The items in the wordlist were scattered. -- The speakers were directed to read each word five times at their natural speed with about 0.5-second intervals. -- Kay Elemetrics Computerized Speech Lab (CSL) 4400 at a 22050-Hz sampling rate -- A condenser microphone was kept from the speakers’ mouths in the distance of about 10 centimeters. Measurement and analysis Praat with a 22050-Hz sampling rate F0 values (Hz), duration (ms) and intensity (dB) -- Parameters: F0 (Hz) ? 4 points: begin, end, peak and valley Pitch range (Hz) ? F0peak – F0valley Duration (ms) ? tend - tbegin Slope ? (F0peak – F0valley)/(tpeak – tvalley) F0 peak alignment (%) ? (tpeak - tbegin)/(tend - tbegin)*100 Intensity peak (dB) Intensity peak alignment (%) ? (tpeak - tbegin)/(tend - tbegin)*100 Comparison Compare pre-accented and accented syllables σ… σ Compare accented syllables by three variables: vowel, nasal and stop codas σ… σ or by syllable structures σ σ 2-syllable σ σ σ 3-syllable σ σ σ σ 4-syllable σ σ σ σ σ 5-syllable Result F0 value -- F0 values of the four points (begin, end, peak, valley) in: pre-accent(s): no significant difference accent: begin, peak end, valley [F(3, 68) = 16.641, p