Learning Chemical Formulas Simple Ionic Compounds学习简单离子化合物化学式.pptVIP

Learning Chemical Formulas Simple Ionic Compounds Simple Ionic Compounds Fact 2: Negative ions are formed by nonmetals that gained electrons. Examples: Cl1- O2- N3- Si4- Simple Ionic Compounds Lesson Two--Polyatomic Ion Formulas Polyatomic Ion Formulas Polyatomic Ion Formulas Polyatomic Ion Formulas Polyatomic Ion Formulas Polyatomic Ion Formulas Lesson Three--Transition Metal Compounds Transition Metal Compounds Transition Metal Compounds Lesson Four--Using Formulas in Problem Solving Using Formulas in Problem Solving Using Formulas in Problem Solving Using Formulas in Problem Solving * * Concept: Ionic Formulas are formed from positive and negative ions. Fact 1: Positive ions are formed by metals that lost electrons. Examples: Na1+ Mg2+ A3+ P4+ Fact 3: The overall charge of ionic compounds must equal zero. Examples : Na1+ Cl1- Ca2+Br1- Al3+O2- Concept: Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms that behave as one unit. Fact 4: Some ions have more that one atom but their overall charge can be determined. Examples: (SO4) = S +6 and O -8 = -2 (NO3)= N +5 and O -6 = -1 (NH4) = N -3 and H +4 = +1 Fact 5: These group ions, polyatomic ions, are treated like single ions in formulas, but must have parentheses when more than one is used in a formula. Examples: Ca2+(NO3) 1-2 Ga3+ (SO4) 2- (NH4) 1+2O2- Fact 6: The polyatomic ions are named based on the atoms that they contain. Those with oxygen and another nonmetal are often name ____ate with the root of the other nonmetal in the blank. Examples: (NO3)1- is nitrate (SO4)2- is sulfate (ClO3) 1- is chlorate Fact 7: Those polyatomic ions with one oxygen less than the ate ions are named ----ite ions. Examples: (NO2)1- is nitrite (SO3)2- is sulfite (ClO2)1- is chlorite Fact 8: Some polyatomic ions contain a regular polyatomic ion and one or more hydrogen ions. Each hydrogen that is present add one positive cha