冰箱压缩机振动噪声特性的理论与试验分析-theoretical and experimental analysis of vibration and noise characteristics of refrigerator compressor.docxVIP

首先，在分析冰箱往复式压缩机的噪声源识别和传递路径的基础上，针对正常压缩机及去除气动元件的压缩机分别进行了振动噪声测试，对比两种情形下的振动、噪声频谱及声功率测试结果，分析确定了在稳定制冷工况时存在的两个较大噪声峰值的主要来源。其次，利用声学软件对吸气消声器内腔作流体有限元分析，得到了R600a工质的声能传递损失；利用声模态方法研究了消声低谷产生的原因；比较了R134a、R600a两种工质的传递损失。再次，对曲轴-连杆-活塞机构运动不平衡引起的压缩机振动进行了有限元结构谐响应分析，得到压缩机泵体、壳体表面振速分布；研究了气体力导致的倾覆力矩对压缩机泵体振动的影响；将激励力振动响应的分析结果导入边界元软件进行声辐射仿真。最后，设计试验测量压缩机拆除气动元件后的泵体、壳体振动与声功率，将测量的振速、声功率数据与振动、声辐射仿真结果进行比较，验证了曲轴-连杆-活塞机构是压缩机低频振动的主要激励来源，曲轴-连杆-活塞机构不平衡力和力矩振动响应分析值的精度可以满足工程开发的要求。声辐射仿真结果为预测机械噪声大小及来源提供一定的参考依据。关键词：冰箱；往复式压缩机；消声器；有限元法；振动响应；机械噪声IVResearchonVibrationandNoiseofCompressorABSTRACTCompressoristhemainnoiseresourceofrefrigerator.Asthedevelopmentofeconomyandimprovementoflivingcondition,peopleputmoreemphasisonnoisecontrol.Thereductionofrefrigeratornoisehasgreatmeaningsforprotectingworkandlivingenvironment.Crankshaftconnecting-rodpistonmechanism’sunbalancemovementisimportantcauseforthegenerationofcompressor’svibrationandmechanicalnoise.Theresearchrelatedtoreciprocationcompressor’sshellvibrationandnoiseradiationusedtofocusonshellparametersdesign,pumpconnectingmeansandexistingoil’sinfluenceforshell’smodalfrequencies,oremployingkineticstheoreticalformulatoimprovestructureparametersformovementmechanism.FEM/BEMsimulationtechnologiesuponcompressor’svibrationandshellacousticradiationresearchwerenotverymuchreported.Asfortheshellvibrationresponseundermechanicalstimulation,FEMhasonlybeenemployedupondoublerotorcompressorresearch.Simulationforreciprocationcompressor’sshellvibrationandacousticradiationhasnotbeenreported.Combinedwiththeprojectofcompressor’svibrationandnoisecharacteristicresearchinEmbraco,thisthesisisbaseonthetheoreticalVanalysisandtheformerexperience.Besidesthat,thethesisisfocusedontheresearchofreciprocationcompressor’svibrationandnoisebythemeansofcomputationsimulationandexperimentalanalysis.Thisthesisiscomposedof4mainparts:Firstly,onthebasisofcompressor’snoiseresourceandtransmissionpathanalysis,thisthesismeasuresvibrationandnoisebeforeandafterremovingair-actioncomponentsofcompressor,gainingfrequencyspec