纯铜电极熔模铸造数值模拟及工艺研究-numerical simulation and technological research on investment casting of pure copper electrode.docxVIP

沈阳理工大学学位论文沈阳理工大学学位论文摘 要工业纯铜 (紫铜，电解铜)，强度低，化学稳定性高，导热性及导电性能较 好，是良好的导电材料[1]。机械加工生产纯铜件对加工件性能基本无影响，并且 加工工艺相对简单，但机械加工成本高，周期长。本课题就如何利用生产成本低、 周期短而工艺复杂的熔模铸造方法，生产出与机械加工同样性能的纯铜件进行研 究，这也正是本文的创新之处。本课题研究的铸件为导电纯铜电极。该铸件结构简单但壁厚差别明显，对导 电性要求较高，铸造过程中极易产生气孔、氧化等现象影响铸件的导电性，铸造 生产难度较大。解决此问题所做的研究主要包括：（1）通过熔模铸造的方法，实 验对比几种常用脱氧剂的脱氧效果，确定最佳脱氧剂；（2）确定压型分型面、压 型材料与工艺参数，设计压型及五种浇注系统，最终成功生产压型与蜡模；（3） 利用 PRO-CAST 对五种浇注系统进行模拟，对比分析五种浇注系统的凝固过程 与缺陷结果，确定最佳工艺方案和最优工艺参数；（4）利用蜡模组模完成五种模 组，最终完成型壳的生产。然后，采用熔模铸造的方法，选择几种工艺方案进行 浇注，验证数值模拟的正确性。并就铸件进行性能测试，与机加工件的性能进行 对比。采用优化后的铸造工艺参数进行生产实验后，生产得到的纯铜电极的导电 性、含氧量、拉伸强度等性能均满足性能要求，具有与机械加工件同样的优良性 能。最终，缩短了纯铜电极的生产周期，降低了生产成本，表明了课题的正确性 和科学性。关键词: 纯铜；熔模铸造；压型制作；数值模拟；生产验证AbstractWith low strength and good chemical stability, industrially pure copper’s(red copper, electrolytic copper) good thermal and electrical conductivity make itself become excellent conductive material. Using mechanical machine method to product pure electrode that does no effect to the properties of pure copper part and the process is relatively simple. But mechanical machine method cost is high and its productioncycle is long. In this subject, how to use low cost，short cycle，complicated processinvestment cast produce pure casting ， having same properties as mechanical machining product’s, becomes innovation point.In this subject, the pure copper electrode is chosen as studied casting part. Its structure is simple, but its wall thickness difference is significant. In the casting process, the porosity and oxidation phenomenon are easy to take place that do some influence on the conductivity. So it is hard to produce pure copper electrode by using casting method. In order to solve the problem a lot of study has been done. It includes that: (1) By using investment cast method, the deoxidation effects of different deoxidizers are compared and the best one is chosen. (2) The parting surface of pressure mould, mould material and technology parameter are determine. Pressure mould and five gating systems are