草酸铜论文毕业的设计.docVIP

PAGE 摘 要本实验采用液相法，氯化铜为铜盐，滴加草酸铵或者草酸，在不同温度下，生成草酸铜。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）、热分析（TG-DTA）等测试方法对草酸铜晶体进行分析和研究。研究结果表明铜离子和草酸根的浓度比、反应温度、草酸根的存在形式等实验条件影响草酸铜粒子的大小和形貌。铜离子和草酸根的比值越高，所得的颗粒越大，表面缺陷越明显，随着比例的增加，颗粒逐渐由圆形变成椭圆形。70oC下得到的晶体比30oC下的晶体结晶性好，而且粒径也大。滴加草酸铵得到的颗粒比滴加草酸得到的颗粒直径大，表面缺陷也多。得到的草酸铜晶体在400oC下煅烧，生成氧化铜多孔粒子。铜离子与草酸根的比例、温度都会影响其颗粒大小和表面形貌。关键词：草酸铜，草酸，草酸铵，液相法ABSTRACTCopper oxalate was prepared by liquid phase using copper chloride and, ammonium oxalate (or oxalic acid) at different temperatures. Copper oxalate was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermal analysis (TG-DTA). The results show that the presence of copper ions and oxalate concentration, reaction temperature, and the oxalate form of experimental conditions affect the particle size and morphology of the oxalic acid copper. The higher the ratio of copper ions and oxalate is, the larger particles are. With the increase in the proportion, the morphologies of the particles are gradually from round to oval. Under 70oC the crystalline of samples is better than that under 30oC, and the size of crystal is bigger. Compared with oxalic acid, the sizes are bigger and the surface defects are more with ammonium oxalate. Copper oxide porous particles were obtained by calcination of copper oxalates under 400oC. The proportion of copper ions to oxalate and the temperature affect the particle size and surface morphology of copper oxide.Key words: copper oxalate, oxalic acid, ammonium oxalate, liquid phase目 录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \z \u HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477685 摘 要 PAGEREF _Toc326477685 \h I HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477686 Abstract PAGEREF _Toc326477686 \h II HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477687 目 录 PAGEREF _Toc326477687 \h III HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477688 第一章 引 言 PAGEREF _Toc326477688 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477689 1.1研究背景 PAGEREF _Toc326477689 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477690 1.2草酸铜制备方法 PAGEREF _Toc326477690 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477691 1.2.1微乳液反应法 PAGEREF _Toc326477691 \h 1 HYPERLINK \l _Toc326477692 1.2.2