以DCP和IST调查路基土壤之工程性质.docVIP

PAGE 以DCP與IST調查路基土壤之工程性質Using DCP and IST to Observe the Engineering Properties of Subgrade Soils楊朝平中華大學土木工程研究所新竹市香山區東香里五福路2段707號電話：03-5374281-2714 傳真：03-5372188E-mail: ycp@chu.edu.tw關鍵詞：路基土壤、貫入曲線、衝擊加速度、加州承載比、彈性模數摘 要因公路里程長，若依規定於各區段開挖及施行現地試驗調查路基，需龐大經費且費時。為此，本研究導入簡易且低價位之動態圓錐貫入儀(DCP ) 、土壤衝擊測定器(IST )，調查路基土壤之工程性質。即以DCP觀察五種路基土壤之貫入曲線特性，並計算其平均貫入比；另以IST量測土壤之衝擊加速度；再依文獻所提之經驗式，可由量測之、估算其加州承載比、彈性模數。研究發現，於粗料其鬆密狀態對DCP貫入曲線的影響較大，依DCP貫入曲線之轉折點可明顯區分出路基土層分界，所估算之值、值在合理範圍內。Key Words: subgrade soils, penetration curve, impact acceleration, modulus of elasticity, California bearing capacity ratio.AbstractIn road maintenance, both divided trenching and field test shall not be practical due to the length of road. Thereby, this study introduced simple and economical Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP), Impact Soil Tester (IST) for facilitating the investigation of engineering properties of subgrade soils. Five soils were used as testing materials. Accordingly, using DCP to observe the penetration curve of soils, to calculate the average penetration ratio (), and to use IST to measure the impact acceleration () of soils. Then, using and to estimate both the California bearing capacity ratio () and the modulus of elasticity () of soils. According to the study, DCP penetration curves vary widely with the unit weight of coarse soils, the inflection point of DCP penetration curve mark apparently soil layers. Taking the empirical formula offered by the related papers, both the and the of soils can be evaluated reasonably according to measured and .一、前言相關於路基的土類、厚度、承載力等性質之調查至為重要，其調查約以100為單位區段，若損壞情況在長區段內相似者可改為500~1000 [1]。表示路基承載力的參數為加州載重比及彈性模數等，其中依路基之及來設計面層厚度，已蔚為主流[2]。一般，為求得路基之及之設備費用甚貴，且需常態性檢定其感應器，致不易管理。此外，因公路里程長，若依規定於各單位區段開挖調查土壤性質，並施行現地加州載重比試驗等試驗，不但需龐大的人力、物力、經費且費時，故有必要導入較經濟、簡易、省時且可靠之調查法。為此，本研究試使用易攜帶、易操作，且約僅臺幣七萬元低價位的動態圓錐貫入儀( Dynamic Cone Penetrometer, DCP )及土壤衝擊測定器( Impact Soil Tester, IST )，調察路基土壤諸性質。選用山砂(Sand)、級配料(Specified blend)、A-1-b試樣、A-2-4試樣及A-6試樣，在實驗室將其以自製大型鋼模，各夯製成五種乾單位重之試體，對各試體分別施行DCP試驗求其平均貫